Therapists in {{providerLocation}}

Hello, I am fully licensed clinical social worker. I have the pleasure working with individuals experiencing grief and loss, depression, anxiety, and transition in life. I have experience providing therapeutic services in the hospital, psychiatric crisis services and outpatient settings. I enjoy helping others identify their feelings and being confident in expressing how they feel to others. I believe all should have a space for validation and processing.

Hi, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW). I received my degree from Indiana University and currently live in Indiana with 2 dogs, 2 horses and a cat. I have over 5 years of experience seeing clients in an office setting, or via telehealth for traditional therapy, as well as play therapy, and animal assisted therapy for in person sessions. I see teens, and adults for telehealth, to assist with developing coping skills, insight, and improved self-care to live life with greater ease, and less distress.

"As a highly experienced Licensed Professional Counselor with 27 years in the mental health field, I aim to empower individuals to find inner strength and confidence and to believe in themselves again. I work with clients through a solution-focused and CBT approach to identify and develop the skills needed to resolve their unique challenges and situations. I help clients to embrace their truth and live in the present, encouraging them to take responsibility for their actions while also reminding them that it is ok not to be perfect. I have a breadth of experience working with youth and adults struggling with various mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, and grief. In addition, I have specialized expertise in working with caregivers, primarily women, to help them overcome guilt, isolation, and overwhelming stress. My ultimate goal is to provide clients with the tools and resources to change their circumstances and improve their mental health well-being. " I believe everyone has the ability to overcome life's challenges and deserve to live a happy and healthy life."

Hello! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker from the State of Michigan. I received my Undergraduate Degree from Hampton University in Hampton, VA and my Graduate Degree from Wayne State University in Detroit, MI and have been practicing for over 25 years. I've worked extensively with those who experience symptoms of anxiety and depression as well as with individuals who have struggled with figuring out how to cope with change, loss, and self-esteem issues. By responding to the needs of my clients with empathy and patience, I've been able to help my clients develop personalized plans of actions to help them live more satisfying and fulfilled lives.

Welcome to my page! My name is Sara Schwartz, MBA, MA, LPC, NCC, CAADC, NPT-C, and I am the owner of 3Cs Counseling Center (3CsCounselingCenter.com). I have been working in the field of counseling for 4 years now and have both community mental health and private practice experience. I'm able to treat a wide variety of mental health concerns including trauma and PTSD, addictions, anxiety, depression, mood dysregulation disorders, and many more. While in community mental health for a year-and-a-half, I worked with the most vulnerable children and adults out in the streets of Detroit. These individuals were struggling with severe emotional disturbances and mental health diagnoses, often with co-occurring physical disabilities and addiction(s), and battling homelessness, difficult family dynamics or being moved to multiple foster care placements (at all ages). I enjoy helping clients by lifting them up and empowering them right where they're at while providing a supportive space for deep self-exploration, trying new coping skills and strategies, and ultimately, realizing sustainable healing.

Hi! I am Dora Hudson, a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Michigan as well as a Nationally Board-Certified Counselor. I received my Master of Arts in Counseling from the University of Detroit Mercy with a focus on community, addiction, school, and career counseling and I have been practicing for sixteen plus years. I have assisted teens, young and older adults, and LGBTQIAs struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, career, and family issues. I strive to give you strategies on how to have more balance in your daily school/work/life stressors to ultimately help you to become a better version of yourselves. My person-centered approach helps with maintaining a good rapport with you while creating a holistic atmosphere for you to thrive in your goals.

Life threw me a curveball when I underwent open-heart surgery—but I hit it out of the park with resilience, self-care, and a passion for helping others do the same. With 20 years of experience as a social worker, including supporting children and families in a school setting, I understand the ups and downs of life and the power of healthy coping strategies. In my past role, I worked closely with families, helping them manage, cope, and recover from trauma. Through this experience, I developed a deep understanding of the challenges families face and guided them with empathy and practical support. Whether you're navigating the emotional rollercoaster of life and work or recovering from a difficult chapter, I’m here to help you regain your balance, one step at a time. Let’s work together to make your comeback even stronger.

With a Master’s in Counseling from Oakland University, I specialize in helping individuals navigate challenges related to depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, life stressors and relationship struggles. I have been guiding people through life's challenges for the last 16 years. I am a parent myself and understand the stress of balancing work and families which gives me the perspective to help others.

Hi! I'm Ashley. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Grand Rapids, Michigan. I graduated with my Masters Degree in Social Work from Grand Valley State University in 2008. Post graduation, I worked 5 years in a nursing home, specifically on the locked Alzheimers Unit. I have spent time working in medical hospitals in the Emergency Department and with patients after they've been admitted. Most recently, I worked 12 years at an inpatient psychiatric hospital, the last couple of years at the Lead Clinical Social Worker on a locked inpatient unit. June 2023 I started my outpatient therapy practices and now work fully remote via telehealth providing individual and couples therapy to clients in Michigan.

Hello. I'm Jewel McGowan, LPC. I have more than 25 years of experience effectively treating anxiety, depression, oppositional defiant disorder, trauma, grief, school failure and much more. I help my clients get down to the root causes of their challenges, and I empower them to break out of old patterns. Positive Psychology, CBT, and Play Therapy are just a few of the ways I treat my clients, and I've successfully helped thousands of clients reach their goals.

Hello! my name is Amely, and I would be honored to help you through your mental health journey. I understand that starting therapy can feel overwhelming—being vulnerable, opening up to someone new, and revisiting old wounds is not easy. If you’re feeling stuck in patterns that no longer serve you, you’re not alone; change can feel scary, even when you know you need it. I provide a supportive yet focused space where we can gently explore those patterns, build on your strengths, and help you create meaningful, lasting change.

I could list my degrees (MSW from USC), my credentials (LCSW, CFTP) and my experience (10 years of individual and couples therapy). Most of all I am a mom, a sister, a grandmom and a retired veteran. I understand life from many intersections. I know the stigma of seeing a mental health professional, but I also know that most of people that are in therapy seek treatment because they have to deal with people that refuse to seek treatment for themselves. I create a safe space to process what you have experienced, what you want to change, and what are your barriers to success.

Hi! I am a licensed masters level social worker (LMSW) based in Michigan. I received my Bachelor's in Social Work and Master's in Social Work degrees from Western Michigan University. I have been a therapist for 5 years. I enjoy helping individuals address feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression. I have significant experience working with youth and individuals who have experienced trauma.

I am a mental health counselor with over 11 years experience in helping clients work toward their vision of a happy and meaningful life. I have spent most of my career working in community mental health, where I currently work full-time as a behavioral health director. I am continuing to provide counseling services with Grow as working with people in counseling is my passion and I look forward to finding out what goals you hope to accomplish!

Hello! I began my social work journey in 2006 and have been working in the mental health field since I obtained my MSW in 2008. As a clinical social worker I have thoroughly enjoyed the privilege of helping individuals identify and address many mental health concerns and move towards the life they most desire. I am passionate about addressing the stigma around addictions and serious mental illness and I believe the best way to begin any mental health journey of recovery is with compassion and understanding. I work from a cognitive-behavioral perspective and I use a strengths-based orientation of empowerment to work with adults and couples. I feel that we are already our best selves-we just need some help letting go of the survival skills we've taken on to get through the toughest times in our lives. I have spent several years working exclusively with homeless veterans and individuals struggling with addiction, and this has given me additional perspective and insight into the needs of some of our most vulnerable populations. I am an advocate, an accountability partner, an empath and your greatest cheerleader. I'm excited to help you rediscover your best self and to claim the life you deserve.

I'm a licensed clinical social worker with over 20 years of experience walking alongside adults and caregivers through some of life’s most emotionally complex seasons. I specialize in grief, chronic illness, anxiety, depression, and major life transitions—especially when the path forward feels unclear or overwhelming. My approach is warm, collaborative, and deeply validating. I offer deep empathy shaped by my career and lived experience supporting family with chronic illness and neurodivergence. I tailor therapy to your unique needs. If you feel we’d be a good fit, reach out to schedule a free 15-minute intro call—I’d be glad to share how I can help.

I work with high-functioning adults who feel stuck in cycles of anxiety, emotional pain, or self-sabotage—even after years of traditional talk therapy. My approach integrates trauma-informed, somatic, and nervous system-based practices with subconscious reprogramming. Together, we’ll gently uncover and shift the deeper beliefs and survival patterns held in your body, creating healing that is not only insightful, but embodied and lasting.

Hi, I am a licensed professional counselor (LPC) based in the state of Michigan. I got a master's degree from Spring Arbor University in Michigan. I have been practicing for 20 years with primarily non-profit organizations. I have worked with children, adolescents, and adults and I am currently working with adolescents who are in the juvenile justice system and providing family therapy to help the family shift their negative relational focus to a healthier view of each other.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Masters Social Worker (LMSW) with a clinical focus based in Michigan. I received my Masters from the University of Southern California and have been practicing in a variety of settings for 13 years. I enjoy helping adults of any age work through challenging areas of their life, whether it be a trauma from the past or feeling overwhelmed by juggling everyday responsibilities, so they can feel like the best versions of themselves and continue their story in a way that serves them.

Welcome! I am a Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) with over 15 years of experience supporting individuals through a wide range of life transitions and challenges. I earned my degree from Western Michigan University and have extensive experience working with children, families, and adults who have experienced trauma. My approach centers on creating a safe, compassionate, and nonjudgmental space where clients can explore their feelings and experiences openly. Drawing on my professional training and life experience, I strive to build genuine connections that empower individuals to heal, grow, and move toward greater wellness.

Let’s begin today and take this journey together as you explore who you are and what you need to feel whole. My approach to therapy is collaborative, supportive, and client-centered. We will work as a team to build on your strengths, develop effective coping skills, and create meaningful, lasting change. This is a safe space for growth, insight, and transformation, where we can process challenges and move toward a healthier, more fulfilling life—one step and one day at a time.

I will like to take this opportunity to introduce myself as a licensed mental health therapist. I want to tell you a little about myself and my fieldwork experiences. I worked in this field for several years, along with various training, to assist clients in different areas. In the last several years, I worked in a mental health hospital with adolescents, substance abuse, and crisis intervention in various settings. People with trauma, depression, anxiety, OCD, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia were some of the people I helped at work. I worked with individuals on career choices to increase their career paths to maximize success. I support individuals in their desire to become independent, and I do this by helping them identify their true potential.

First and foremost, I am a wife and mother. I have real life experiences that can relate to people. I have been treating clients for 25 years. I use real life, practical coping skills to help clients in real life situations. I have worked in community based centers, schools and therapeutic individuatal settings. These experiences allow me to have a clear, rounded understanding of people and their life situations.

Hello there! My name is Dorcas Patterson, and I am a Licensed Clinical Therapist. I specialize in working with teens, adults, and seniors who struggle with anxiety, depression, chronic illness, self-esteem challenges, trauma, and domestic abuse. My goal is to support you in reducing symptoms, finding coping strategies, becoming more assertive, learning how to set healthy boundaries, and improving your relationship with others, but most importantly, with yourself.

Hello, I'm a licensed Professional Counselor based in Michigan. I have 21 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with depression, stress, worry, anxiety, addiction, trauma, low motivation, self esteem, and confidence. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgment. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started!

As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I have served a variety of populations with a passion for supporting law enforcement, first responders, military, medical professionals and their families. I have over 20 years of experience in service to adults and adolescents to improve their quality of life. The last 11 years were focused in supporting law enforcement, corrections, and other first responders.

God uniquely and wonderfully creates every person. In our uniqueness, we can get stuck. I am passionate about walking with individuals as they work to get unstuck, find healing, and find their path to living a fuller life. I have served as a pastor and a chaplain in prison ministry. Through pastoral care, I have spent considerable time walking with couples as they work through concerns. I have spent much of my chaplaincy working with men struggling with addiction, identity issues, and faith issues.

I am a Licensed Master of Social Work with a Clinical Designation (LMSW-C) based in Michigan. I received my Masters from Michigan State University and have been a practicing psychotherapist since 2020. My speciality is supporting individuals in healing and strengthening resilience following traumatic experiences. I primarily work with individual adults and adolescents who are struggling with trauma, domestic violence, self-harm, suicidality, anxiety, depression, emotional dysregulation, and/or identity-related concerns.

Greetings and salutations. I am a LMSW/LISW, licensed in both Michigan, Texas, and Ohio, but I reside in the Detroit area. I have been a therapist for 7 years, and specialize in working with children and teenagers. I love working with relationship issues, ADHD, ODD, anxiety, depression, and social conflict. I meet virtually for Ohio, Texas, and Michigan clients, and in person for Michigan clients. I only see kids age 12+ for virtual sessions.

I have a Masters Degree in Social Work and am also a Master Reiki Therapist, Emotional Freedom Technique Practioner (EFT) and Advanced Level Intergrated Energy Therapist (IET) . Working with holistic methods in addition to traditional therapeutic modalities has been very transformational for many of my clients. Reiki, IET, sound and crystal healing along with aromatherapy in addition to traditional modalities allow my clients to heal on another level.

I am a licensed professional counselor with seven years of experience working with individuals facing a variety of mental health concerns, including anxiety, depression, ADHD, and relationship challenges. My approach is compassionate and collaborative, aimed at helping clients gain insight, build resilience, and create meaningful change in their lives. I support clients to identify personal goals, strengthen communication skills, and developing effective coping techniques to navigate life's stressors with greater confidence and clarity.

Hello, my name is Siarra Maketo. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Therapist ,and I provide a wide range of services to adolescents, adults, couples, and families. During the last several years, I have worked extensively with many families, adolescents, and couples to assist in their healing process using multiple evidence based therapeutic modalities. Life circumstances can have lasting impacts on everyone. During the coaching and /or therapeutic process, I look at how our environment, life experience, and current relationships have an impact on the coping mechanisms we utilize and the decisions we make. Allow me to be your accountability partner as we take this journey together.

Welcome! I'm Jerrica Fuller, a licensed counselor. Congratulations! You have taken the first step to bettering your mental health and creating a more fulfilling life. My goal is to create a safe space that allows clients to explore concerns related to anxiety, depression, self-esteem, substance use and other issues that hinder ones quality of life. Together we can work side by side to develop a plan to overcome the obstacles and barriers holding you back. Counseling can foster personal development in whatever way you may be seeking and help build the life you so deeply deserve. If that's what you're looking for, I'm here when you're ready to share

Hello! I'm a Clinically Licensed Master Social Worker (LMSW) located in Michigan. With over 7 years of experience, I have dedicated my practice to supporting individuals facing anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, and family/relationship challenges. After completing my Masters at Wayne State University, I embarked on a journey to empower clients to overcome obstacles and lead fulfilling lives. My passion lies in helping individuals navigate through difficult emotions and transitions, fostering resilience, and promoting personal growth. I specialize in working with young adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, and relationship challenges. By providing a safe and non-judgmental space, I guide my clients in exploring their concerns, identifying strengths, and developing effective coping strategies. My goal is to empower individuals to embrace their unique strengths, cultivate self-compassion, and build healthier relationships with themselves and others. Together, we work towards creating meaningful changes that lead to greater well-being and fulfillment. If you're ready to embark on a journey towards self-discovery and personal growth, I'm here to support you every step of the way. Let's work together to unlock your full potential and create a life that aligns with your values and aspirations.

I am a counselor who embodies empathy, compassion, and motivation in guiding my clients toward healing and self-discovery. My training in TEAM CBT, developed by Dr. David Burns, emphasizes the transformative power of confronting negative thoughts to drive positive emotional change. This method, rooted in the principle that 'The Truth Shall Set You Free,' focuses on identifying and challenging cognitive distortions. Additionally, as a Christian Counselor, I seamlessly integrate Christian principles with traditional talk therapy and TEAM CBT, ensuring that these approaches complement rather than conflict. This holistic blend allows for a therapy experience where clients address their mental health challenges and find deeper meaning and alignment with their spiritual beliefs.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Michigan. I received my Masters from the University of Michigan and have been a practicing mental health clinician for 10 years. I have worked with folks from many different backgrounds, but my most recent work has been with adults and teens. Whether you're struggling with mental health concerns, relationship issues, challenges at work, or simply seeking personal growth, having a therapist who can offer empathy, guidance and support can be the difference that helps you to make the next steps you've been hoping to. I believe everyone can benefit from self-exploration and more intentional work toward self-fulfillment.

Hello! My name is Michael Rosewood and I'm a LMSW-C ACTRP. As a clinical psychotherapist, I'm all about creating connections and fostering a sense of belonging. Think of me as your guide through life's ups and downs, offering a warm and welcoming space where you can be yourself without any judgment. Together, we'll build a supportive therapeutic rapport, explore your inner world, and work towards creating the life you deserve. So, let's embark on this adventure together and discover the strength and resilience within you. I'm here to support you on your journey towards healing and personal growth!

The great poet Rumi wrote "out beyond ideas of wrong-doing and right-doing, there is a field. I'll meet you there." That field is a space where calm, love and forgiveness exist. There is no judgement, only acceptance here. And in that soul space you are free to find those fragments of you that are lost, and begin to piece them back together. ​ I'm licensed in both Florida and Michigan. As a licensed clinical therapist and licensed substance abuse counselor, I have experience running very powerful substance abuse and co-occurring groups. Prior to that, I worked as a social worker in Flint, Michigan for many years as a therapist, caseworker and in crisis intervention. My experiences have given me such a rich experience and exposure to the many factors that contribute to our personal mental health and well-being. I've been fortunate to work with people in their homes, in the community, with their families as well as the private practice setting which have given me a much richer experience than just an of an office setting alone.

I'm a therapist who understands that everyone's mind works differently. I pride myself on being kind but I'm also very real. I love to laugh and am curious about just about everything in life. I enjoy living in the moment and I am definitely an animal person. I spent 25 years teaching horseback riding lessons, so I understand the equestrian lifestyle. I rescue not only mammals but bugs and bees too. I'm an elder goth and have a passion for listening to music. I am always rooting for the underdog. I am adept at working with: Pet Loss/Grief People Loss/Grief Native American Populations Menopause Neurodiversity Introvert Issues Empaths Self Confidence and Confidence Caregiver Issues Isolation and Loneliness Life Changes and Life Purpose Depression Anxiety Stress Winter Blues Chronic Health Issues

Welcome, my name is Felice, (like ~Felice Navidad). I know that reaching out for counseling takes courage, and I want you to know you don’t have to walk through life’s challenges alone. My role as a therapist is to create a safe, supportive space where you can share your story, explore your struggles, and discover practical tools for healing and growth. With over 20 years of experience in education, counseling, and supporting individuals from all walks of life, I specialize in helping people through grief, adoption journeys, and major life transitions. I also work with clients facing anxiety, stress, self-esteem challenges, caregiving responsibilities, and relationship concerns. My approach is compassionate, collaborative, and tailored to your unique needs. I often integrate trauma-informed care, CBT techniques, and faith-based perspectives when desired, to help you find hope and resilience. Whether you are navigating personal loss, family changes, or simply seeking a healthier way forward, I am here to walk alongside you. Together, we can work toward building peace, confidence, and new possibilities for your life.

I am a licensed clinical social worker committed to having a successful therapeutic relationship with clients. I like to empower and collaboratively work with clients to address their concerns, reach their personal goals and optimal potentials. I've always wanted to help people and I've always been a really social person; therapy allows me to do both and serve clients who may not have sought therapy before. Being a Black woman, I understand that people who look like me are least likely to seek therapy; this is one of the reasons I chose to become a therapist. I love interacting with clients from all different backgrounds as this widens my therapeutic practice. I received my undergraduate degree from FSU and my MSW degree from FIU.

I strive to help you feel heard, respected, and safe to work through your struggles. As a clinical social worker, I work with young adults and adults experiencing anxiety, grief and loss, life transitions or changes, and the everyday stresses of college, work, and relationships. Starting therapy can be scary or uncomfortable - which is why I take care in creating a nonjudgmental, supportive space for you to talk through things like persistent or excessive worry, self‑esteem, anger, stress, and coping skills. I aim to offer a space where you can explore and enhance your current strengths while unlocking your inner strengths that have yet to flourish. I meet each person with a tailored approach, honoring each individual's unique journey. Clients often leave sessions feeling understood, with practical tools to use in their daily lives.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and provide virtual counseling services to those residing in FL, MD, MI, and VA. I received my Masters from the University of Michigan and have been practicing for 15 years. I specialize in women-specific counseling, addressing the unique challenges that women face, including issues related to self-esteem, confidence, fertility, pregnancy and postpartum concerns, anxiety, grief, stress and life transitions. I also specialize in working with women and families with a connection to adoption.

My name is Anthony and I have worked in the behavioral health field for 28 years. I am very active in the behavioral health field even being acknowledged as a Notable Leader in Behavioral Health in 2023 through Crain's Detroit. While a large portion of my work is spent training and managing a team of behavioral health professionals it is incredibly important to me to continue creating space to partner and directly serve people. This is where you come in, providing counseling is generally the best part of my work. It grounds me with why I am a work in behavioral health, it allows me to practice the skills I have learned over the decades and it creates energy and life satisfaction. You have many options of who to choose as a therapist, know that if you choose me I will be excited to see you and to partner with you. Seeing clients is literally not my job, I genuinely want to be your counselor and I look forward to seeing you.

My approach is rooted in a client-centered philosophy, with the ultimate goal of creating a safe, supportive space where individuals can grow into the best version of themselves. As a first-generation American, I understand the complexities of navigating between two cultures. Growing up, I often felt caught in between—never quite “American enough” for my peers, yet too American for my parents. That in-between space shaped my identity and deepened my empathy for others who feel like they don’t fully belong. As a woman, I bring lived experience to many of the challenges women face daily—from sexual assault and body image struggles to infertility and pregnancy loss. These experiences inform my work and allow me to hold space with compassion and understanding. And as a mother, I deeply relate to the pressures and expectations placed on working moms today. I’m acutely aware of how motherhood can affect every aspect of our lives—our bodies, minds, spirits, careers, and relationships—and I strive to support clients through those transformations with empathy and care.

If you struggle with anxious attachment, people pleasing, setting boundaries, feeling triggered, anger, anxiety, depression, co-dependence, parenting issues, and ADD/ ADHD, then I want to work with you. These symptoms and attachment style are often related to each other and often related to similar childhood experiences of inconstant or abusive/neglectful caregivers. (ADD and ADHD is not cause by caregivers, however, when it goes undiagnosed in children, there is s strong correlation to symptoms described above)

Yay you for taking the first step towards bettering you or your child's mental health because, let's be honest - starting therapy can be empowering, confusing, or scary, all at the same time. My therapy style is relaxed, collaborative, and holistic. I am passionate about helping others. My focus is you and helping you create the life you want by becoming the best version of yourself. Now that you are ready to do the work and learn some new skills-I look forward to meeting you and walking beside you in this journey.

I am licensed clinical social worker in Indiana, Kentucky and Michigan with 8 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress, anxiety, family conflicts, trauma, abuse, motivation, self esteem, & confidence. I also have experience working with depression. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy can take courage and I am proud of you for getting started!

Welcome! I'm Brittany Byers, LISW-S. I received by Masters in Social Work from Walden University and have been practicing since 2015. I've worked in community mental health and addiction services, but for the last 3 years, I've been doing telehealth therapy helping clients manage their mental health and addiction issues. Enough about me. Let's take a moment to acknowledge you've taken the first step towards bettering your mental health because, let's be honest - starting therapy can be empowering, confusing, or scary, all at the same time. I strive to create a safe and welcoming environment that allows clients to explore obstacles with concerns related to anxiety, depression, ADHD, substance use, trauma, and/or self-care. I focus on helping clients develop assertive communication & boundaries with themselves and those around them that can help improve their quality of life.

Hello, I'm Ayonna, a licensed professional counselor with over 12 years of experience working as a licensed mental health counselor. Throughout my career, I have had the privilege of working with clients facing a wide range of concerns and struggles, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, parenting problems, divorce issues, and individuals who have experienced physical and/or sexual trauma or emotional abuse.