Therapists in California

Are you ready for a new you? Does life have you stressed, unable to manage your time, ongoing stressed relationships, unable to break addictions, and are you looking for a better way to handle life? If so, then we should talk further. An experienced provider that works in collaboration with clients to determine the best treatment approach and identify optimal solutions. I provide an atmosphere of trust, respect and nonjudgmental approach. Focusing on the root causes of maladaptive behaviors and providing positive psychological using an analytical approach. Experience working with work/life balance issues, family issues and relationship issues, addictions, communication and emotional dysregulation.

Hello, I am Frankie. I am from the San Francisco Bay Area. I've been a therapist and social worker for many years, working with a vast cross-section of society. My experience has been primarily focused on working with families dealing with domestic violence and child abuse. I have also worked in the areas of substance abuse, homelessness, and mental health and illness. My goal as a therapist is to help people make the most of their lives, despite obstacles. I believe that happiness is created within. Our work is to identify and remove the barriers to joy and satisfaction. I want to assist in developing true, healthy, and inspirational narratives that support your current goals.

My approach is based on who you are and what is relevant for you in order to be your best self. I collaboratively work with clients in re-connecting with their innate strength and resilience in their journey to face change and heal unresolved issues. I use a variety of modalities that support a client's ability to reconnect with their inner-self and identify ways in which they want to make positive changes. I treat a number of issues including unresolved complex trauma, addiction, co-occurring disorders, life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief & loss, relationship difficulties, low self esteem, Adult Children of Alcoholics, impact & insight into historical trauma, and sexual abuse. I am warm, empathetic and supportive but not afraid to challenge clients when necessary. I utilize evidence based and creative approaches such as CBT, Strength-Based approach, Trauma Informed CBT, Family Systems, DBT, Jungian art based skills and concepts, Assertive communication skills, and Mindfulness Based. I currently hold active LCSW licenses in both California and New Mexico.

California State University Stanislaus of Social Work, Master's in Social Work License LCSW# 76744 23 Years of experience Hello! My name is Robert Garza, LCSW Bi-lingual. I have over 18 years of experience working with clients ranging from early childhood, adolescence, children/families, adults, and end-of-life care. I have always viewed my professional career to learn as much as possible and be able to impact the largest number of people in need of support, counseling, therapy, and a safe space. I have worked in educational settings, healthcare settings, and clinical settings. I was born in Corcoran and raised in Central California. I currently reside in Rocklin CA, and enjoy horseshoe pitching, long walks, the ocean, and family and friends. My historical area of focus ranges from challenges in school to overcoming childhood traumas, depression, anxiety, social isolation, and conflict within family units. These are common things that we all face as we grow and evolve into our adult selves.

You may be reading my profile because you're feeling overwhelmed, anxious, burned out, or disconnected — from others, from your goals, or even from yourself. Maybe you’re juggling the weight of trauma, people-pleasing, identity shifts, or relationship challenges while still trying to show up for everyone else. You might find yourself avoiding tasks, second-guessing your worth, or putting your own care at the very bottom of the list. As a licensed marriage and family therapist with years of experience, I specialize in helping adults — especially women and neurodivergent individuals — heal from trauma, navigate anxiety, and reconnect with their voice and inner strength. I also bring my own lived experience exploring neurodivergence, which informs my deep respect for the unique ways neurodivergent people move through the world. Whether you're navigating sensory overload, task paralysis, masking, or the constant pressure to "do it right," I offer support that meets you where you are — without judgment or unrealistic expectations. My approach is collaborative, compassionate, and rooted in evidence-based practices like Internal Family Systems (IFS), Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), mindfulness, and somatic work. I strive to create a space where you can safely explore what you’ve been carrying, explore what truly matters to you, and take steps toward a life that feels more grounded, more aligned, and more like your own. Therapy isn’t about “fixing” you — it’s about honoring your full humanity and supporting your healing, one part at a time.

Hi, I am Kristy. As a psychotherapist my approach to therapy for over the last 20 years with individuals, couples and families is rooted in some key elements including building a therapeutic relationship, uncovering unconscious processes, promoting self-reflection and insight, and facilitating emotional processing. As a psychotherapist while working with you, I am dedicated to helping you develop self-awareness, gain insight into your inner world, make lasting changes in your life and create a safe and supportive therapeutic environment. By creating a safe and supportive environment I allow you to heal and help overcome challenges, develop healthier coping strategies and achieve therapeutic goals.

Hi there, I'm Elena! Hi! I'm here to help you have the life you want, as sometimes life becomes challenging, and adjusting to life changes isn't always easy. I am glad that you prioritize your needs by coming here for help. I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I began therapy practice during my MA Program at JFKU in CA. For over 10 years, I've worked in various settings, including not-for-profit mental health agencies and private practice. I believe that treatment is a collaborative approach. I look forward to taking the journey of healing with you. You deserve a safe space to heal and grow. In our sessions together, I'll meet you with compassion and evidence-based techniques so you can overcome the hangups and habits holding you back.

I’m a bilingual therapist who provides a welcoming, safe, and nonjudgmental space to explore life’s challenges. I work with clients experiencing anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship struggles, and life transitions. Together, we focus on your strengths, build resilience, and develop practical tools for meaningful change. My goal is to help you feel empowered, more confident, and connected to yourself and others while navigating life with greater ease.

Hello, I am licensed in California, Illinois, and Missouri. I have experience in helping teens, adults, couples, families, veterans, and military personnel with stress and anxiety, addictions, trauma and abuse, & coping with grief and loss. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of shame, blame, or judgment. You are encouraged to take the first step to seek a more fulfilling and happier life, it takes courage. I am here to support you in that process. Professional experience and additional areas of focus: Adoption and Foster Care, Cancer, Caregiver Issues and Stress, Communication Problems, Control Issues, Drug and Alcohol Addiction, Family Problems, Forgiveness, Hospice and End of Life Counseling, Impulsivity, Men's Issues, Military and Veterans Issues, Mood Disorders, Multicultural Concerns, Panic Disorder and Panic Attacks, Post-traumatic Stress, Self-Harm, Sexual Assault and Abuse, Sexuality, Young Adult Issues Clinical approaches: Client-Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Therapy, Trauma-Focused Therapy

Rebecca McWhorter, LCSW # 87376 I have experience working with individuals across all age groups and within diverse multicultural settings. I begin by meeting clients where they are, whether they are struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, or grief. My practice is centered on compassionate, client-focused care. My journey began working with at-risk youth prior to college, which inspired me to continue outreach with individuals and groups facing significant challenges. This path ultimately led me to the field of Social Work. Through Telehealth, I have been able to expand my practice into new areas, taking on challenges that continue to drive my passion for this work.

Hello, I am Elizabeth Kelly, a licensed marriage and family therapist who specializes in working with individual adult clients aged 18 and older. If you are seeking help with working through grief, loss, difficult changes, anxiety, depression, parenting challenges, aging challenges or any other issues that may be hard to overcome alone, I am here to help you through. I follow a client-centered approach, meaning that I believe that you have the internal strength and ability to grow. Together, we will create goals to best serve you. I will listen to your concerns and provide coping skills and resources to help you through your difficult situations.

I have been licensed as Marriage Family Therapist since April 3,2003. My area of clinical practice has focused on addressing the underlining causes of anxiety, addiction and depressive disorders. In addition, I have acquired a fundamental understanding of crisis that affects the struggle involving martial relationships. As a Marriage Therapist, I have expertise in the utilization of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. It my clinical experience that if you can effectively change your thoughts process your life will radically change for the better.

Hola and welcome! I’m a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist based in California. I earned my master’s degree from the University of Phoenix and have been supporting clients for over seven years. I specialize in helping individuals especially those from Latino and first-generation backgrounds navigate the weight of worry, sadness, and trauma. My approach is culturally sensitive, compassionate, and grounded in the belief that healing should honor your lived experience.

Hello! I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) in California and Virginia since 2023. I have EMDR training and use a Psychodynamic approach while tying in a Mindfulness focus in treatment. I have worked in this field since 2015 in various behavioral and mental health clinics, along with all levels of recovery treatment centers with addiction and dual diagnoses. I’m currently in schooling for my Doctorate in General Psychology with a Counseling specialization. Upon completion, I intend to continue teaching at the community college level of education where I had found my passion and made my career choices, in which I hope to provide the same support and guidance with prospective students. I spend much of my free time with family and friends, dancing, reading, and traveling to new places near and far. All of which I look forward to integrating such activities, like or unlike these, within our therapy work together to better support your healing journey.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in California. I received my Masters from California State University, Fullerton, and have been practicing for 7 years. I help couples and adults struggling with depression, anxiety, and trauma related symptoms navigate these different challenges. I will accept you, validate you, challenge you, but most importantly, give you a space to be all that you are.

I’m an experienced therapist who works closely with women dealing with anxiety and life’s challenges. My approach is relational and grounded in attachment, but most of all, it’s compassionate and collaborative. In our work together, we’ll make space for clarity, balance, and self-acceptance. I’ll walk alongside you as you move through what’s hard, helping you understand yourself more deeply and supporting you in finding your own path toward feeling better and more grounded.

As a biracial, Black and Mexican, female clinician, I understand the obstacles and barriers to healing the mind, body and soul; and leading an overall physically and mentally healthy life. I take a collaborative approach in helping individuals create life goals that they want to work towards. I aim to create a safe and non- judgmental space for individuals. If you feel as though you can benefit from learning how to develop positive ways to cope with anxiety, sadness, anger, low- self esteem, isolation, racing thoughts and more, please contact me for further information and a consultation. I look forward to starting this journey of healing with you

Im a kind and caring person fundamentally. I studied social work, which feels like a natural extension of who I am, at Barry University. I have served a variety of populations since my MSW in my roles as an inpatient/ER case manager in acute care and psychiatric hospitals. I am clinically licensed and work independently serving clients through Telehealth. My goal is to provide my clients support and guidance and provide a safe space for them to express themselves. I enjoy treating each client individually and collaborating with them to address their concerns and implement changes to improve their quality of life.

Hi My name is Heidi De Leon, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in California. I have worked in addiction treatment for a little more then 18 years. My journey started at community college where I got inspiration to become an addiction counselor and later went on to obtain a Master in Social work from USC. I specialize in Addictions and Complex Trauma. I use EMDR (Eye Movement desensitization and reprocessing) as well as DBT (Dialectical behavior therapy) and trauma focused cognitive behavior therapy.

I’m Dr. Saira Jhutty, a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in fertility-related mental health and postpartum care. I support individuals and couples navigating infertility, third-party reproduction, and postpartum anxiety or depression. My approach integrates Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), with a strong emphasis on self-compassion, values-based living, and helping you navigate uncertainty in a way that feels sustainable and grounded. We focus less on “fixing” your emotions and more on helping you build a meaningful relationship with them — especially during seasons where control feels limited. My therapeutic style is warm, collaborative, and attuned. I believe healing happens in relationships that feel safe, steady, and respectful of your pace. Whether you’re navigating infertility, pregnancy after loss, postpartum anxiety or depression, identity shifts after becoming a parent, or complicated emotions you didn’t expect to have — you don’t have to carry it alone. If you’re looking for a therapist who understands the emotional layers of fertility and early parenthood and will meet you with compassion, honesty, and clarity, I’d be honored to work with you.

Hey there! I'm a Marriage and Family Therapist from California with 40+ years of diving deep into mental health, spiced with a dash of international flair. My journey has taken me through a Psy.D. program to complete in Clinical Psychology, a master's in Counseling Psychology, and a bachelor's in Sociology. Living and working across the globe has fine-tuned my knack for connecting with people from all walks of life. I'm all about helping you find your ‘Zen’ again, mixing and matching the best bits from CBT and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy to create a chill, judgment-free zone where we can work things out together.

Hi I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) i have been working with children, families, couple and individuals in the mental health field for over 10 years i have been providing therapy in a community based setting for over 5 years. I believe in a mind body/ holistic approach while providing an individualized service based off of your individual needs.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) originally from just outside of New York City and currently live in San Diego. Working to support the mental health of others is truly my greatest honor. We are often programmed by our previous experiences, culture, and past trauma to believe a false narrative about ourselves. Utilizing the therapeutic alliance, I help clients to resolve negative, false, or limiting beliefs that may be hindering their ability to step into their true identities. We do not have to continue to live out the script that we inherited or feel the need to live in the shadows. Instead, we can live with intension, purpose, and a sense of gratitude.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Psychologist based in California. I have received my Bachelors of Science in Cognitive Psychology and Psychology of Social behaviors from the University of California, Irvine. I have obtained my Masters in Clinical Psychology from California State University of Fullerton. I have received my Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from California School of Professional Psychology at Alliant University. I have been seeing clients for the pas 13 years in different settings from private practice to community mental health centers and recovery centers.

I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, practicing in Florida and California. I have a PhD in Family Therapy. I have been working with clients in social and mental health settings for more than 20 years. I have experience working with diverse populations (different cultural backgrounds). I work with individuals, couples, and families facing grief, depression, anxiety, anger, life transitions, stress, problems in their relationships with relatives, co-worker/classmates, and trauma, among others.

Hey there, I’m a licensed Clinical Social Worker based in California. I received my masters from University of New England with a focus in Individuals, families and groups. I’ve been practicing for 13 years. I specifically enjoy helping people find perspective through the voice of their pain. I think pain and discomfort can be our best teacher if we allow ourselves to look at it, this way.

Hi, I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have been in the counseling field for over 20 years. Through my years of experience, I have helped adults, young adults, adolescence, and children to manage anxiety, depression, stress, and family related conflicts. As a therapist My passion is and has been to help individuals become the best versions of themselves.

Hi there! My name is Erica Smith Jimenez and I am a licensed marriage and family therapist (LMFT). I have experience working with children, couples, families and individuals for the last 25 years in various capacities. I have worked in a number of schools (TK-12th grades and in an expulsion school), in a residential facility with children and in a community mental health clinic. I have worked with young children, teens, adults, couples and families and have been involved in group therapy.

Hi, I am a Marriage and Family Therapist licensed in California for 20 years and I hold a doctorate degree in the Philosophy of Counseling. I am in my second marriage for 29 years now, after my 24-year first marriage failed. We have seven children between the two of us, 31 grandchildren, and 5 great-grandchildren. I have had good success counseling couples who have given up on their relationship, especially those who have experienced infedelity. I don't counsel children until they are 18. I enjoy helping people understand how they became the way they are and therfore find ways to leave dysfunction behind.

Hello, my name is Ritika Kaur. I am a Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist in California (License #101199) providing psychotherapy services in English and Punjabi. I utilize evidence-based approaches to help individuals navigate life's challenges and find hope, healing, and well-being. I was drawn to the mental health field by a deep desire to help others overcome adversity and lead fulfilling lives. After earning my Master's in Counseling Psychology from National University in 2011, I gained diverse experience in community mental health, substance use treatment, and providing evidence-based services before becoming licensed in California in 2017.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in California. I received my Master's degree from California State University, Fresno, and my Doctorate from Walden University in Minnesota. With 18 years of experience in the field, I specialize in helping individuals navigate their emotional and relational challenges to lead more fulfilling lives. My approach is compassionate and collaborative, focusing on empowering my clients with the tools they need to achieve their personal and interpersonal goals.

I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist located in the state of California. I received my Master's Degree from Antioch University Los Angeles and have been practicing for 18 years. Working together, I help adults work to find solutions to ongoing issues causing anxiety, sadness and loneliness in their lives so they may become the best version of themselves.

Angelica has a passion for helping young children and adolescents, as well as couples and families. She works with clients who suffer from depression, anxiety, addiction, adjustment, grief, family conflicts and sever medical diagnosis. Angelica has specialized experience working with those who have suffered extreme trauma or have unresolved feelings about past experiences. Angelica also specializes in support for children and adolescents with serious behavioral difficulties (including: cutting or other self-harming behaviors, anger outbursts, defiance, dis-respectfulness, etc) Angelica believes that understanding, respect, and honesty are at the heart of the therapeutic relationship. She works with clients to explore past experiences and practice real life challenges, providing clients with the tools to better manage themselves towards their goals.

Thank you for sharing information about yourself. I'm so happy that you reached out for help. I am Robert Nwanganga, a licensed therapist. I have been a Social Worker since 2003. I also need to let you know that I am more interested in finding out why a certain behavior is occurring than I am in demonizing you for exhibiting the behavior. I have worked with a diverse populations and I have learned that therapy has to be personal if it is to be effective. I am committed to working with you in finding what modality works with your personality and focus on your strength in dealing with the situation that brought you to us.

I have been practicing in the field for over a decade. I have specialized training in trauma, addictions, relationship enhancement, marital and premarital. I work with adults, and couples. I have a heart for seeing relationships thrive. I believe Love is Enough. I will walk along side you through transitions, hurt, pain, and making sense of the present and complex situations.

Hello, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in California. I have been servicing patients and families in a hospital setting for the last nine years and have the desire to extend my services to therapy. My goal is to help people grow and develop a strong sense of self in the journey to becoming the best version of oneself.

Hi it's nice to meet you, I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in California. I received my Masters from Fuller Theological Seminary and have been practicing for over 8 years. I help adults struggling with trauma, anxiety and life stressors to regain their sense of agency, make sense of the past, and make progress towards their goals for the future.

My name is Christa Christine and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in California. I earned my Master’s degree from California State University Northridge, and have 12 years of experience working with individuals and couples navigate life’s challenges and achieve meaningful change. I am excited to begin our journey together. My approach is rooted in exploring each client's unique experiences and providing evidence-based interventions that promote healing and growth. I believe in working alongside individuals and couples to help them uncover unconscious patterns and attachment wounds that may be getting in the way of them leading healthier, more fulfilling, and authentic lives. My role is to provide a safe, supportive space for you to process your feelings while ensuring you feel secure within our teletherapy environment. You are the expert on your life, and your personal goals have value and will guide our treatment plan.

I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who helps adults ages 18 to 65+ navigate anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relationship stress, and emotional overwhelm. I provide a warm, supportive, culturally sensitive space where you can feel understood and empowered. My goal is to help you build insight, strengthen coping skills, heal past wounds, and create a more balanced and fulfilling life.

I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) specializing in anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and relationship dynamics. I create a warm, compassionate space where clients can feel truly heard and supported as they navigate their challenges. Together, we work to build resilience, develop practical coping strategies, and cultivate a deeper sense of self-worth. My goal is to empower you with the tools to move forward with confidence, clarity, and a renewed sense of hope.

Hi, I’m Kristel, an Asian-American therapist passionate about supporting individuals and families through their most vulnerable moments. With experience helping clients navigate challenges like depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, relational issues, and cognitive and developmental disabilities, I’m committed to fostering healing and growth. I provide a safe, compassionate, and non-judgmental space where clients feel heard, supported, and empowered to explore their struggles. My culturally sensitive approach respects your unique experiences and values, helping you move toward emotional health, resilience, and lasting positive change. I’m dedicated to walking alongside you on your journey toward personal growth and life fulfillment.

Hi there! My name is Laura, and it’s a pleasure to meet you. I’m a marriage and family therapist based in California. I’ve been practicing for over a decade now and earned my master’s degree from St. Mary’s College in Moraga, California. Taking the first step towards improving your mental health is the most empowering thing you can do for yourself. Counseling may seem intimidating at first, but it’s an incredibly rewarding experience. I create a safe and welcoming space where you can explore your concerns about anxiety, depression, and self-care. My goal is to help you develop assertive communication and boundaries with yourself and others, which can significantly improve your quality of life. Counseling can be a powerful tool for personal growth and help you build the life you truly deserve. If that’s what you’re looking for, I’m here to support you whenever you’re ready to share.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Counselor licensed in the state of California. I received my Master's in Counseling at the University of Great Falls. I have been practicing for over 10 years and have worked in both a community health center setting and in an individual practice. I enjoy working with diverse populations to improve their overall well-being in their daily life.

Hello I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have been practicing in the field of Social Work for over 30 years. I have worked with many different people from a variety of cultures. I have helped both children, adolescents and adults with various concerns from criminal behaviors, addiction, and serious mental illness. I have helped people change their behavior and thinking so they can reach their potential, achieve their goals and heal emotionally, spiritually, and physically.

Hey there! I'm a young clinician that enjoys aiding clients through major and minor life transitions. I prefer a interactive, conversational style that allows for free flowing rapport building and client comfort through the treatment process. I know that counseling/therapy is not an easy situation to put oneself in, but if I can ease it in any way possible, that is the goal, so that we can focus on what most matters to you.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker committed to helping you learn how to cultivate the life you deserve and want. My work focuses on targeting ineffective behaviors, thinking patterns, and self-limiting beliefs that create daily barriers to life fulfillment. I believe in taking a collaborative approach towards helping clients reach their goals. I hold space for you to narrate your journey without fear or judgment. I welcome your invitation to walk beside you in letting go of the things and ideas that no longer serve you. You deserve the opportunity to cultivate a better you.

I'm a queer, feminist therapist who creates a warm, affirming space for clients navigating body image concerns and eating disorders. My approach is rooted in Health at Every Size (HAES) and LGBTQ+ affirming care, with a deep belief that therapy should feel both supportive and empowering. I’m here to help you not just get through the hard weeks, but to feel seen, heard, and equipped with tools to move through life with more ease. I know how vulnerable it can be to seek help—especially around food and body image—and I strive to offer a space where you can be your full self without judgment. In addition to talk therapy, I also offer EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), a powerful, evidence-based approach that helps process and heal from trauma, distressing memories, and deeply rooted beliefs that may be holding you back.

I am a straight-forward but empathic therapist, who also appreciates the same from her clients. I also believe in the social work mission of starting where the client is, so sessions are based upon that analogy. I have experience in many areas, including hospital, foster care, group homes, forensics, Veterans, home health, etc. I received my Masters of Social Science Administration from Case Western Reserve Univerity, and my Doctorate of Psychology from California Southern University. Although I have a doctorate degree, my scope of practice does not fall under the psychological testing, pharmacological practices, nor community services. I am strictly a therapist so if you need case management, psychologicial testing, or medication, please refer to those licensed in these specialties.

I am a Licensed Clinician in California, with over three decades of clinical experience. I specialize in culturally competent, Christian-integrated, strength-based therapy. My approach combines Biblical principles, Christian values, wisdom, and clinical expertise to support those seeking healing through a holistic and compassionate framework. I offer culturally competent therapeutic interventions, respecting all cultures and emphasizing the client's strengths as the foundation for overcoming challenges.

I'm Sheldon like the TV show! (Big Bang Theory). I help analytical high-achieving adults who feel stuck in patterns of anxiety and depression untangle their inner world and reconnect with their deeper self-using insight-driven therapy, dream exploration, and a creative lens that helps them uncover what's been buried beneath the surface. Do you often say, "I'm successful on the outside but exhausted and anxious inside," "overthinking everything, but still feeling stuck," or being in a "constant sense of restlessness or dissatisfaction," or being a person who "struggles to access or name emotions clearly." I help clients have greater awareness and emotional clarity and begin to feel grounded, self-trusting and more internally connected. I hope to reduce anxiety and depression symptoms through deeper insight and ability to recognize and break unconscious patterns. I help clients discover meaning through creative exploration, and dream work. I want clients to increase their confidence in navigating relationships and decisions and moving from analysis paralysis to self-acceptance and expression. My areas of expertise are in Depression, Anxiety, Chronic Mental Illness, Risk Assessment, Trauma, PTSD and Substance Abuse Disorders.