Therapists in New Jersey

Are you feeling anxious or depressed? Do you want to feel better, be less stressed, feel more positive, handle your thoughts and feelings more effectively? If you answered yes to one or more of these questions, I can help. I am a supportive and empowering therapist. I provide a warm and supportive environment that stresses collaboration, mutual respect and trust. If you are you ready to start: developing healthy coping skills, change negative behavioral patterns, improve personal/romantic relationships, work on problem solving techniques and reduce stress. Please reach out so we can discuss how to meet your goals. Our work is empathic, proactive, and collaborative- we are on this journey together. We will make meaning out of hardship and transform crisis into opportunity. I am passionate and committed in helping each person achieve their maximum potential. I am licensed in NY, CT and NJ.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who graduated from Rutgers School of Social Work. I have over 25 years of experience treating clients from diverse backgrounds and across various generations. I believe in acting as a guide as opposed to a leader and as such I am always open to my clients’ preferences or suggestions regarding how to proceed with treatment. I work in collaboration with them as a means of empowering my clients to adopt a proactive, as opposed to reactive approach to their clinical challenges.

Hi! Welcome to my profile. I have been working in the mental health field for about four years now. I have connected with people struggling with anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship struggles, and anger. I enjoy using strategies that align with my clients' strengths, as well as approaches that help navigate past traumatic experiences in ways that support living a meaningful life.

My name is Diana Pacheco, LCSW, and I am a licensed clinical social worker committed to helping adults reduce stress, improve relationships, and manage the challenges of anxiety, ADHD, and mood disorders. My clinical approach combines CBT, ACT, and IPT with psychodynamic principles to create a structured yet supportive therapy process. Clients can expect a balance of empathy, practical strategies, and clinical expertise designed to help them make measurable progress and long-term changes.

Availability: *Intakes (Mondays only) *Therapy sessions- Tuesdays, Wednesdays & Thursdays (9am-3pm). Hello, I am a Psychologist (Ph. D) and Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in SC,PA and NJ, specializing in supporting individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, grief and loss, life transitions, personal growth, and self-esteem concerns. My approach is tailored to meet your unique needs, providing a safe and supportive space for exploration and healing. Together, we'll work collaboratively to address challenges and foster positive change. I meet with clients weekly, offering consistent support and guidance as you navigate your journey towards greater well-being and fulfillment.

Providing therapy, being a listener and helping others in essence found me. I did not initially plan to become a therapist but I am so happy and proud I did. I receive joy from being able to find the right words and work through the issue with my client. Therapy is a very important tool, whether it is intensive treatment or being a supportive ear. I have worked in the helping field for over 20 years. Beginning my career with developmentally delayed, then preventive services, foster care, Autism spectrum and currently providing child and adult psychiatric services. I enjoy the reward of helping! I am licensed to provide treat in New York and Georgia.

Hi there! We are licensed in New York and New Jersey . We provide experienced online counseling services. We have experience working with a diverse range of clients and needs; however, our expertise is in supporting individuals dealing with depression, anxiety symptoms, and trauma. To best serve our clients, we incorporate various techniques, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) , Motivational interviewing skills, and Person Centered therapy.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Central New Jersey. If you’re struggling, please know you don’t have to face it alone. With over 75years of experience, I’ve worked with adults navigating a wide range of mental health issues, including disorder, mood disorders, and other mental health challenges. My goal is to create a safe and supportive space where you feel understood, valued, and empowered to make meaningful changes in your life Whether you’re looking for relief from overwhelming emotions, navigating a major life transition, or seeking clarity and balance, I’m here to guide and support you. Together, we’ll uncover your strengths and create a path toward healing and hope.

Hi, I’m Samantha! I’ve been a clinician for over twelve years, and I genuinely love this work. My passion lies in helping clients tap into their strengths, navigate challenges, and create meaningful change in their lives. Over the years, I’ve worked with people of all ages in schools, juvenile justice, and long-term care—experiences that have given me a deep appreciation for the resilience of the human spirit. As a mom, I understand firsthand how life can be both beautifully rewarding and incredibly overwhelming. I bring that perspective into my sessions—combining compassion, curiosity, and a sense of humor with a down-to-earth, real-world approach. Outside of my practice, I enjoy listening to audiobooks, organizing (yes, it’s my version of therapy!), and spending time with my family. Fun fact: I have a degree in Philosophy and even studied Japanese in high school!

When we experience loss, unwanted change, or trauma it can shake our foundations and lead to pain, confusion, and heartache. While we can't prevent life from happening or undo what we've been through, my practice is based on a deeply held belief in the ability for all of us to heal and resume living with meaning and purpose. Recognizing where you're feeling blocked, stuck, or hurt will inform where we focus our efforts. Granting ourselves full permission to feel and express the depth of our feelings is instrumental to healing and growth. My role is to bear witness to your experience while offering support and encouragement as you recognize and process your feelings. Through curiosity, presence, and attunement I seek to facilitate individual's getting back to living through effectively addressing, expelling, and moving past what has caused pain. Owning how we feel without asking for permission, learning how to internally validate ourselves, and developing self regulation strategies will help when we experience intense challenges. We can learn to change our narratives and work towards unconditional self love and acceptance. Please trust yourself and your wisdom when doing healing work.

Mind and Body Wellness Therapies by LB strives to help all individuals make the mind/body connection to manage their mental health needs while improving and having fulfilling lives. I hope that by helping individuals connect their mind and body, we will help strengthen couples, families and the greater community. I ultimately want people to feel good about themselves and the life that they create.

My name is Jennifer and I have been practicing therapy for over 10 years. I would describe my style as supportive and empathetic while working to help guide my clients to feeling like themselves again. Throughout my practice, I have utilized an approach based in Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MBCT). For those that require a more structured approach to counseling, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness can be an essential way to gain control of negative thoughts and build coping skills to work through emotions.

Welcome to Hope, Strength, & Resiliency Counseling Services LLC! I'm Nichola Lydon, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor (LCADC), and Certified Peer Recovery Specialist. I hold a Master’s degree in Social Work from the University of Southern California and a Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Montclair State University. With over six years of experience, I’ve had the privilege of working with individuals from diverse backgrounds, supporting them through a range of challenges and celebrating their growth along the way. I genuinely love the work I do—and there’s nothing more rewarding than seeing my clients overcome obstacles and thrive. My approach is straightforward, honest, and rooted in compassion. I believe in having the hard conversations when they’re needed, and I’m here to challenge you to grow—but always with empathy, respect, and unwavering support. My office is a safe, judgment-free, and stigma-free space where you can truly be yourself. This is your time to begin a new chapter. If you’re ready to do the work, I’m here to walk beside you every step of the way. Let’s rise to the challenge—together.

I work remotely with clients in New York, New Jersey & North Carolina. Oftentimes, even the strongest and most resilient need a helping hand. If you're feeling unhappy, unfulfilled, angry, sad or simply feeling unlike yourself, maybe it's time you take the hand of someone else to help get you back to feeling like yourself again. Therapy can be intimidating, time consuming and even scary however I promise it is the best investment you can ever make in yourself.

Hi, I am a Licensed Clinical Social worker (LCSW) and I specialize in helping women and couples who are struggling with anxiety, depression and a variety of issues. These may include but are not limited to the menstrual cycle, body image, pregnancy, postpartum, dating/relationships, sexual/intimacy-related concerns, and parenthood. In my work with clients, we address both the physical and emotional aspects of wellness that will lead you to healing and growth in both body and mind.

Hi, my name is Tara! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in New Jersey and Pennsylvania and have been providing therapy for over 10 years. I have a lot of experience working with individuals seeking support with life transitions, anxiety, depression and ADHD. I am also certified in Perinatal Mental Health and love working with individuals throughout pregnancy and parenthood.

Hello! I'm Shenay, a dedicated therapist passionate about helping individuals navigate their mental health journey. With a compassionate, client-centered approach, I strive to create a safe and supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts and feelings. My therapeutic style is grounded in evidence-based practices, such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness-Based Therapy, tailored to meet your unique needs. I believe in the power of building a strong therapeutic relationship and working collaboratively towards your goals. Together, we will focus on enhancing your well-being, fostering resilience, and empowering you to lead a fulfilling and balanced life. I look forward to supporting you on this journey and helping you achieve positive and lasting change.

Hello, I’m Najwa! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in the state of New Jersey. I graduated from Rutgers University with a Masters in Social Work. I have had the pleasure of working with children, teens, adults, Senior Citizens and families, in the community, schools, home and facilities. I assist individuals and families improve their quality of life by working together on personal challenges negatively impacting the mental health of individuals. I am here to help individuals struggling with depression, anxiety, self-awareness/self-esteem, family/relationship challenges, grief/loss, life transitions, and developing healthy boundaries and coping skills.

I am most passionate about working through trauma and grief. I know what it is like to feel desperate. I know what it's like to wake up in the morning and wish I hadn't. I know what it's like to lose hope. And I know what it's like to gather bits and pieces of myself and seek professional help. With that help and through my faith, I've not only found hope, I have slowly put pieces of me together again. If I can find hope, if I can laugh and love again, you can too.

Welcome! I’m Karen, a compassionate Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to helping adults navigate many of life's challenges. Mental health is not just my profession, but my passion, and I will hold space for you to express the full range of emotions that arise in our work. Nothing is too shameful or scary for us to face together. My areas of clinical focus are anxiety, eating disorders, grief, trauma, and PTSD. I often work well with clients who exhibit behaviors such as feelings of isolation, social overwhelm, restlessness or poor sleep, sudden or unexplained fear, or feelings of tension, being on guard, or on edge.

I am a licensed social worker who has been in practice for 42 years .I have worked with addiction issues as well as various mental health issues ,anxiety and depression .I help individuals recognize strengths and help develop with them healthier coping skills . I work with clients on establishing life balance . I work with couples on reestablishing communication and validating each other .

Hi, I’m Natalie—a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 13 years of experience helping high-achieving women reclaim their peace, confidence, and emotional well-being. I specialize in supporting women who juggle demanding careers, caregiving roles, and personal expectations—often leaving little room for themselves. Whether you're navigating anxiety, burnout, fertility challenges, postpartum stress, or the pressures of being “the strong one,” therapy with me is a space to reset, realign, and reconnect with yourself.

My goal is to provide a safe space for healing. I prioritize my client’s confidentiality and comfort when providing care to meet their needs. In addition, I treat each client as a unique individual with specific issues and needs. After earning my master’s degree from the University of Southern California, I began my counseling career with the Shenandoah Public School. I also worked as a Crisis Intervention Therapist for two years and as a substance abuse therapist for another two years. After obtaining my couples therapy and sex therapy licenses, I began working with couples.

Hello! Do you feel overwhelmed? Do you feel there is a lack of purpose, fulfillment, and passion in your life? Do people in your life often have a tough time really getting what you are going through? Are you caught up in unhealthy patterns? Do you want your life to change, but are unsure how to make that happen? “It is okay not to be okay!” If you are experiencing one of life’s unexpected challenges and would like to explore your thoughts and feelings in a private, safe, and comfortable environment tailored to help increase your awareness and ability to work through challenges, I am here for you. I view therapy as a safe space for processing life experiences, emotions, thoughts, and trauma to achieve one’s goals and necessary growth. I specialize in collaborating with clients challenged with anxiety, depression, grief and loss, OCD, and chronic medical conditions. My approach is individualized, client centered, and strength-based, as I believe clients are the experts of their lives and determine the direction of the therapeutic process. I believe in focusing on the strengths of each person and building from there. My goal is to help people live a happier and more fulfilling life by working through their challenges.

HI, I'M A LICENSED PSYCHOLOGIST WITH MORE THAN 30 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE HELPING PEOPLE OVERCOME THE ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, OR ANGER THAT IS HOLDING THEM BACK FROM ACHIEVING THEIR LIFE GOALS. TOGETHER, IN A SAFE AND SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENT, WE EXPLORE THE DYSFUNCTIONAL THINKING THAT IS CONTRIBUTING TOWARDS YOUR EMOTIONAL DISTRESS AND PROBLEM BEHAVIORS. WE THEN WORK TO CHANGE THIS TO CREATE A SET OF MORE HEALTHY AND REALISTIC BELIEFS ABOUT YOURSELF AND YOUR LIFE. THE RESULT IS THAT YOU'RE NOT ONLY FEELING BETTER, BUT THAT YOU ARE ALSO BETTER ABLE TO MEET LIFE'S CHALLENGES AND PURSUE YOUR LIFE GOALS. IF YOU'RE TIRED OF THE BURDEN OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS OR PROBLEM BEHAVIORS THAT HAS BEEN WEIGHING YOU DOWN, AND YOU ARE READY TO MAKE SOME CHANGES, I'M READY TO HELP YOU GET GOING TO MAKE THOSE CHANGES AND TO CREATE A HAPPIER AND MORE FULFILLING LIFE FOR YOURSELF.

Hello! I’m a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor (LPCC) (LCPC) (LPC) (LCMHC) (LMHC) licensed in various states. I received my Masters from Avila University in Kansas City and have been practicing for over a decade. I have adults struggling with life problems and aid them in regaining control over worry, panic, fear, or dread in order to become the best version of themselves.

Susan White specializes in individual therapy and has 15+ years of experience. Her areas of expertise are trauma, parenting, multicultural concerns, PTSD, LGBTQ challenges, and adjustment. She sees life as a journey and not a destination. You are one step closer to a new you, feeling empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. Her goal is to help you.

"As a licensed therapist in New Jersey with over a decade of experience, I specialize in helping individuals manage stress, anxiety, and challenges related to personal and professional life, relationships, family dynamics, and intimacy. I firmly believe that you are the expert of your own story, and I view you as a person with unique strengths that will help you overcome the obstacles you're facing. My approach is person-centered, drawing from social cognitive, mindfulness, and cross-cultural frameworks, recognizing that your behaviors, environment, and cognitive processes all interact in shaping your experiences. I’m committed to creating a safe and culturally sensitive space where you can explore and address issues while developing the tools you need for meaningful change. Taking the first step toward a more fulfilling life is courageous, and I’m here to support you in this journey."

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker conducting sessions virtually in New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Pennsylvania and Nevada. I specialize in people that are going through tough times and need coping skills to manage. Life might have thrown you curve balls, and you might not be accepting of the uncertainty and the change. I'll be here to tell you that bad situations can be temporary and life changes can also be great. I specialize in helping people who fall down but get back up. I'll help you to talk about your feelings and help you to make treatment goals that you have been wanting to reach.

I am a Licensed Professional Counselor dedicated to helping clients navigate anxiety, trauma, stress, and relationship challenges. I use evidence-based approaches such as CBT, EMDR, and hypnotherapy to provide practical tools for lasting change. My goal is to create a safe, supportive space where clients feel understood, empowered, and capable of creating meaningful growth.

Hi there, I'm Sophia. I know it can be scary and uncomfortable asking for help; I'm here to be a guide as you maneuver through this interesting journey we call life. I can offer a safe space where we can look at the parts and pieces you don't share with others and put them back together again. Becoming more aware of how we perceive and interact with the world and those around us can be challenging but I am here to help find a way. I am passionate about providing a compassionate and nonjudgemental experience; I want to meet you where you are and provide a framework we can work towards in effort to bring about lasting change. Whether you feel overwhelmed by life's challenges or want to get into a healthier frame of mind, I'm here to help.

Hello, I’m Dr. Aliris Alicea, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (FL) / Licensed Professional Counselor (NJ and CT) passionate about supporting individuals as they navigate life’s challenges and discover their inner strengths. I offer a safe, compassionate space where you can explore your thoughts and feelings, learn practical coping skills, and build the life you want. My approach is collaborative, culturally sensitive, and grounded in evidence-based practices like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to help you create meaningful and lasting change.

Welcome! I am Kimberly. I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 14 years of experience providing therapy. Many of us desire a sense of peace, connection, and well-being within ourselves and in our life. Yet life circumstances and even parts of ourselves can prevent us from having these experiences in our day to day lives. Providing a safe and non-judgmental place to explore your struggles and emotional pain is essential to my practice. I feel grateful to be able to support those who desire to grow and heal. PLEASE NOTE: I work from 8am-3:30pm Mon-Thurs. I do not have late afternoon or evening sessions available.

Whether there has been a significant loss, a life transition, relational conflict, or daily stressors, we all need support during difficult times. Sometimes, however, a trained professional can help navigate these challenges and assist in facilitating positive change. We aren’t always able to recognize the underlying cause of our discomfort or find ways to overcome life’s challenges. In a therapeutic setting, we will work together to discover healthier ways for you to deal with life’s struggles, make desired changes, improve relationships, and find inner healing. Seeking therapy can be viewed as an investment in yourself. Improving mental and emotional health is as important as one’s physical health. My role is to provide a safe space and come alongside you on your journey. I work with adolescents and adults and provide individual, couples, and family counseling services. I treat depression, anxiety, grief and loss, trauma, (PTSD), relationship issues, parenting, behavioral concerns, and many other problems affecting how we feel and operate in the world.

I work with people who have experienced stress and trauma and are ready to heal and grow. I am an empathic, supportive therapist who utilizes therapeutic tools to empower my clients to lead more fulfilling lives. Many of my clients are women who identify as Black or Latino and have a history of childhood trauma or are in difficult relationships with their partners or family. I am an LGBTQIA+ ally.

I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in New York and Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in New Jersey. I have over 20 years of experience working with individuals and families in foster care and program settings. I have worked with individuals in a private practice setting for 10 years and currently work with individuals using a telehealth platform.

My name is Lydia Peters, and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker . I've worked in many different settings with different populations. I possess a vast amount of experience with the elderly along with individuals living with developmental disability, traumatic brain injury (TBI), mental illness, chemically addiction, homelessness, individual’s accused of sexual offense or sexually deviant behaviors , adults admitted to acute medicine & Veterans. I currently only offer Individual therapy services to adults 18 years old and up. A healthy therapeutic alliance brings forth a different perspective & additional support. Let's work together towards your success.

Hi, I am a LCSW with over 40 years of experience. I have worked with all age groups through the years and various human conditions. I love to hear peoples stories and help with anxiety and depression. I primarily focus on how automatic thoughts effect behavior and create our perspective on life. I also employ mindfulness techniques and motivational counseling .

Hi, my name is Debbie. Are you struggling with anxiety, fear, depression, anger, disappointment, trauma or difficult relationships? I have worked with all ages and walks of life in my 25 years of experience. As a seasoned therapist. I believe that a successful outcome of therapy goals begins with a harmonious relationship with the client. This begins with a clear understanding of the needs and desires of the client. My approach is to have a kind, caring and sensitive demeanor, yet, direct and firm as needed to achieve success. I strive to listen well and give appropriate feedback. I attribute my successful record as a therapist to having the education, knowledge, work experience, and confidence to work with each client and consider it a privilege to work with each one. I would be honored to work with you.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in New Jersey. I received my Masters from Rutgers University and have been practicing for about 7 years. I have experience in helping individuals learn positive coping skills and strategies that can help to improve their mental and emotional well-being. I work with my clients on identifying self-care activities and positive coping skills, in addition to understanding their strengths and weaknesses. I also work with my clients on developing and implementing skills that will help them to set boundaries and limits and to problem solve and set goals. These learned skills will ultimately help my clients to navigate relationships and situations in their lives that are the source of their stressors. My overall goal is to help my clients overcome the stressors, problems, and trauma that overwhelm them, so they can thrive and live their best lives.

Hello, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug counselor. I am located in New Jersey. I have been in practice for 12+ years as a therapist and have another 10+ years as a case worker and administrator. Outside of my practice, I am married and have two children. I enjoy travel and running and often try to weave an overall concept of fitness=wellness into my work.

I'm a bilingual (Spanish & English) licensed clinical psychologist with experience providing psychotherapy to diverse age & paths of life populations. For me, doing psychotherapy is to create a space in which people can be brave & curious enough to tell our stories from a place of compassion, self-awareness, self-knowledge & accountability. Viewing the world from a critical perspective, where I can integrate intersections, such as gender, culture, power dynamics & systems of oppression, makes my practice a space for awareness, healing with context & transformative action.

My journey into therapy began with a desire to help the hurting individuals I worked with in a group home, and a genuine passion for helping others find strength through life’s most difficult moments. Over the years, I’ve had the privilege of supporting people facing a wide range of challenges—experiences that have shown me just how powerful and transformative therapy can be. These moments have only deepened my commitment to walking alongside others on their path to healing. I’m continually inspired by the belief that every person holds the capacity for growth, resilience, and change. We can change and heal. Sometimes we just need a little help along the way.

Hello! I’m a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) licensed in both New Jersey and Colorado, with over 27 years of experience. I’ve had the privilege of walking alongside people through some of the most challenging and meaningful moments of their lives. Over the years, I’ve learned that effective counseling isn’t about having all the answers—it’s about creating a space where people feel truly seen, heard, and supported as they discover their own path forward. My style is eclectic, drawing from a variety of therapeutic approaches so I can tailor treatment to each unique client’s needs and goals. Whether through exploring emotions, building practical skills, or understanding deeper patterns, I’m committed to partnering with you to help you grow and heal in ways that feel authentic and effective.

Over two decades working with individuals, couples and families to create happier and more fulfilling lives. Years of experience with individuals who want to understand themselves better in order to be present in the lives of others whether personal or professional relationships. To accomplish this I always provide an emotionally safe judgement free environment in which to explore individual needs in order to build and maintain greater understanding of people in my clients’ lives.

Hi! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), Licensed Independent Substance Abuse Counselor (LISAC-AZ), Clinical Substance Abuse Counselor (CSAC-WI) and Independent Clinical Supervisor (ICS) based in the state of Arizona. I received my Masters from the University of Milwaukee and have been practicing for 18 years. I am also EMDR certified by the Francine Shapiro EMDR training institute. I help individuals struggling with a variety of stressors to become the best versions of themselves.

My experience has taught me the profound value of truly connecting with individuals—walking alongside them as they heal, grow, and realize their full potential. This insight has been instrumental in helping clients develop effective strategies to overcome a wide range of mental health challenges, addictive behaviors, and life transitions, as well as concerns related to both mental and physical well-being. I take a holistic, strengths-based approach to therapy, integrating elements of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), yoga, mindfulness, and breathwork. I firmly believe that each client’s unique story should shape the therapeutic journey. Clients often leave sessions feeling empowered—with greater confidence, self-esteem, and the motivation to face life’s challenges head-on. My hope is that each person walks back into the world thinking, “I know how to do this day.”

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker licensed in both PA and NJ. I have been in private practice since 2001. I work with ages 15 years and older and I LOVE my career. I work with teens and young adults who are transitioning and have seen these clients through the entire process of not being accepted by peers and, very sadly family, to live incredible full lives. I have a past client's wedding to go to in May :) I get to witness my clients live the lives they've always wanted and I'm a small part of that. I absolutely love my job.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Professional Counsellor (LPC) based in New Jersey. I received my Master's from Montclair State University and additional courses from other colleges. I have been practicing for 8 years and have several years prior experience. I help adults with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, struggling with career stress and burnout. The client have felt improvement from my psychotherapy.

Hello, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have been in the field for over twenty years. I have experience in a variety of settings and with a variety of clients. Many of the people with whom I have worked are struggling with some kind of change, whether it's children growing up, seeking abstinence from a drug or coping with divorce or our own aging process. All these changes can impact our mood and I can help a person cope with the resultant depression or anxiety for instance.