Therapists in Maryland

Hi! I'm Brooke, creator of Find Your Zen, Healing for the Mind, Body, & Soul. My intention is to create a safe & healing space, for those who are seeking a holistic, spiritual, and integrative approach to mental health treatment. I understand firsthand what it’s like to feel deeply, think deeply, and question everything. I was drawn to therapy because I believe sensitivity is not a weakness—it is a strength that simply needs the right support. My passion is helping sensitive, intuitive souls reclaim their power, work with their emotions instead of against them, and create lives that feel both peaceful and expansive.

Hello, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 7 years of experience supporting young adults to navigate the challenges of career stress, burnout, and personal growth. With a Master's degree from Washington Adventist University, I’ve had the privilege of working with individuals looking to build resilience, regain balance, and become the best version of themselves. I understand that the pressures of balancing a career with personal well-being can be overwhelming, especially for young professionals who are just beginning to navigate their paths. Whether you're feeling burned out, stuck in a cycle of stress, or questioning your career choices, I’m here to help you work through these challenges and discover new ways to thrive both professionally and personally.

Hi I am Asia, but not like the continent. Think Aseeyah! I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) based in Maryland I received my Masters in Clinical Psychology from Loyola University Maryland,and my MBA from UMGC. I have been practicing for 6 years and have been in the mental health field for over 14 years. I am also a Goodwill Career Coach and Navigator. I help those in transition figure out how to live their best and fabulous lives. I would love the opportunity to do the same for you.

Greetings, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) licensed in both Texas and Maryland. I hold a Master’s degree from the University of Louisville and have been practicing for over 11 years. My expertise lies in supporting individuals—both women and men—through various life transitions and stressors. Additionally, I specialize in assisting caregivers in managing the complexities of caring for family members or older adults. I have extensive experience in long-term care, particularly in working with individuals affected by dementia. I also provide treatment for a wide range of mental health concerns, including dissociative disorders, bipolar disorder, ADHD/ADD, grief, anxiety, and self-esteem issues, among others. *I do not treat addiction, sexual disorders or borderline personality disorder. * Throughout my career, I have worked with clients facing career-related stress, helping them find clarity and navigate challenges effectively. My goal is to form a meaningful connection with each client to provide support, guidance, and insight as they work through life's obstacles. Thank you for considering me as a resource on your journey toward healing and growth.

I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in Maryland specializing in adult, adolescent, and couples therapy. I have worked as a counselor since 2012 to the present. I have a passion for treating people with humility, and respect, hearing their stories thus guiding them through challenging times. My goal is to empower you to take control and find ways to live a healthy and happy life. With the option of Virtual Therapy/Telehealth, you will be able to connect with me regardless of distance, commute, and other factors that might have historically been barriers to seeking help.

I am a compassionate, empathetic, and intuitive licensed clinical professional counselor. I earned an MA in Professional Counseling with a Clinical Mental Health Counseling Specialty at Liberty University. I have completed specialized training in TF-CBT, Certified-DBT (C-DBT), Certified Youth Mental Health Specialist (CYMHS), and EDMR. I have nine years of experience in group and individual therapy sessions. I enjoy working with my clients from a holistic perspective to assist them in healing their whole selves.

Hello and welcome. My name is Barb and I am an LCSW-C located in Frederick County, MD. Over the past 2 decades in the mental health field, I have developed a comprehensive understanding of various therapeutic techniques and methodologies from working in clinical out-patient and hospital based settings with children, teens, couples and adults. For the past 11 years, I've been doing private practice based work and have been primarily virtual since 2023. I attended the University of Maryland at College Park for my Bachelor’s in Psychology and then received my Masters in Clinical Social Work (with a minor in Program Administration) from the University of Maryland in Baltimore in 2001. I currently provide telehealth therapy to adult women ages 18-65 years old experiencing depression, anxiety, ADHD, low self esteem, single motherhood, burnout from career, family responsibilities, and relationships, problems in their marriage, family or personal life, chronic health/medical issues that impact mental health, and trauma from current or past relationships. I also work with women dealing with fertility issues, complicated pregnancy, infant loss, premature delivery, and postpartum mental health and adjustment issues. I have a lot of experience working with teachers and nurses. Also, being a single mother myself, I'm aware of the unique challenges single moms deal with and can offer a relatable perspective to women in this situation. **I currently do not provide therapy to men.** As a Christian, I'm happy to discuss with you how to use Scripture, prayer and your relationship with God to support you in your path to wellness, health and healing if that is something that is important to you. I am open to clients of all faiths and backgrounds. If your faith or spiritual beliefs are important to you, we can discuss how to integrate those into our sessions.

"I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me." (Philippians 4:13) Non-judgment, morally supportive and passionate private practice that will help you to get through life struggles. You are the most important subject matter during all counseling sessions. I am a Cognitive Behavioral Therapist that focuses on the person. Thinking outside of the box is of great importance to help all types of situations. Uplifting Lives and Services also helps interns and residents with supervision. We provide group therapy, substance abuse services and can connect you to other community service providers.

Greetings, I'm Kassandra Barry, a licensed clinical social worker available in Maryland, Virginia, and DC. Specializing in trauma, I help individuals navigate life's challenges, addressing concerns like mood, anxiety, relationships, and self-care. While many clients face PTSD, my support extends to anyone seeking understanding, seeking to enhance their lives, and fostering a sense of value and respect. I prioritize creating a space where you can be heard and supported. Your journey to improved well-being begins here.

I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, relationship issues, etc. Learning distress tolerance skills is a way to improve the quality of life and allows for a person to be empowered. I specialize in CBT, DBT, PCT, and various other therapeutic modalities. It is my goal to create a safe place for my clients to express their thoughts and feelings, while assisting in pushing forward.

Great to meet you! As a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and current Ph.D. candidate in Counseling Education and Supervision, I am passionate about providing compassionate, culturally responsive, and trauma-informed care to children, adolescents, and adults. My clinical work is driven by the belief that everyone deserves access to a safe, affirming space where their voice is heard and their story matters. With years of experience in school, community, and private practice settings, I specialize in supporting individuals from diverse, underrepresented, and crisis-impacted communities. Mental health is not one-size-fits-all, and seeking support is a courageous step toward growth and healing. I’m honored to walk beside my clients as they navigate life’s challenges, process difficult emotions, and rediscover their inner strengths.

Greetings! I am a Licensed Marriage Family Therapist (LMFT) for Florida, Maryland, and Texas. I received my Masters at Northcentral and have been practicing as a licensed clinician for 8 plus years. I work with individuals and couples to discover issues that are affecting their daily lives with the goal of improvement of self, not just in the temporary but long term.

I am a Licensed Certified Clinical Social Worker with almost twenty years experience working with individuals, families and groups. I work from the perspective although I know various theoretical approaches well, every client is unique and treatment should reflect their personal needs. I also have over ten years experience in clinical supervision and professional growth empowerment. I look forward to working with you.

First of all, I love what I do and to witness the positive changes clients make in their lives as a result of choosing therapy to help them accomplish what they want. Often the goal is to achieve symptom relief so as to not be overwhelmed by anxiety, mood disorders or be better able to manage the challenges of ADHD. Sometimes there is not a specific outcome identified but a need for ongoing support for dealing with life transitions or difficult people. Sometimes clients use therapy as a confidential sounding board where they can talk to an objective outsider about situations and sort out their perception of situations. I offer various ways to see and respond to situations that might otherwise not be considered. Your opinion as a client is the most important one and I will also honestly provide mine when asked for. I believe therapy can actually be something that you can look forward to and an opportunity to learn new skills to use long after you discontinue, and we can even have some fun and laughs along the journey.

I hold a Bachelor's and Master's degrees in Social Work. I have over 15 years of experience service individuals, adolescence, and families. I have experience working in private practice as well as the public sector. I specialize in anxiety, depression, life transitions, and parenting. I strive to assist my clients to embrace change, accept, and heal. I utilize a wholistic approach when treating the clients tha I serve.

Hi!, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Maryland. I received my Masters from Howard University in Washington DC and have been practicing for the last 13 years. I help people struggling with life issues cope and overcome their struggles and continue to function as best as they can.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Certified Social Worker-Clinical (LCSW-C) based in Maryland; dedicated to empowering individuals to overcome challenges, cultivate resilience, and live authentically. I received my Masters from the University of Maryland-Baltimore and have been practicing for 12 years. I'm here to support you on your journey to healing and growth. I bring a compassionate, nonjudgmental, and collaborative approach to therapy.

Hello! I am a licensed clinical social worker based in Maryland. I received my Master's from the University of Maryland School of Social Work and have been practicing for 14 years clinically and working in the human services field for 27 years. I have a strong background in solution-focused therapy assisting clients to find solutions to problems to improve their daily, quality of life.

Welcome! With over 18 years of experience and a Doctorate in Counseling Psychology granted at the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico, I am best positioned to serve individuals and families navigating challenges such as family conflicts, trauma, PTSD, and anxiety. My therapeutic expertise extends across various cultural contexts, having practiced in Puerto Rico and Massachusetts, and currently holding active licenses in Maryland and Virginia.

My name is LaTonya Thomas and I am a license clinical social worker. I have been in the mental health field for over 14 years and has worked with clients with anxiety, depression, grief, life transition and many more diagnosis. My goal is to help the clients become aware of what may be going on with them and ways to handle it.

I am licensed with over 20 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, LGBT-related issues, relationship issues, & family conflicts. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion. I will tailor our dialog and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process.

Hillarie Akinwale is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in the state of Maryland with over 5 years of experience in the human and behavioral health field. She also holds a masters in Post Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) and Childhood and Adolescents Disorders. She uses a comprehensive method to focus on areas like anxiety, depression, PTSD and more. Hillarie provides therapy to children, adolescents, women and men ranging from 7 years old to 65 years old.

My interest in mental health started at home, within myself and immediate family. From these experiences, I became passionate about the overall mental wellbeing of everyone around me, and I pursued mental and behavioral health education and training in Baltimore. I have worked in the field for over eight years, and I use personal and professional experience to help others reach their highest potential.

Hi, I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW-C). I graduated from University of Maryland, School of Social Work, with a master’s degree majoring in Children and Families. I have over fifteen years of social work experience and over eight years of clinical work. My greatest joy is to assist children, adults and couples struggling with anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues and life transitions, among others, to become better versions of themselves.

I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland (LCPC). I received my master's degree at Grand Canyon University of Arizona and have been practicing since 2018. I help adolescents and young adults struggling with anxiety and/or depression to help them become the best version of themselves. I am also a certified crisis counselor and trained to work with clients in crisis.

Hello, My core belief is that all people are created equal; therefore, everyone has equal right to leave to their fullest potential. I earned my master’s in social work from University of Maryland, School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD in 2010. I have Licensed Certified Social Worker - Clinical (LCSW-C) in MD, Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker in DC and Licensed Certified Social Worker (LCSW) in VA. For more than 10 years, I have utilized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), humanistic, person-center, strength-focused therapy and other psychotherapy Intervention to assess, plan, implement and evaluate individual or family in diverse therapy environment. I am commented to assist people to live life to their fullest potential because we all have one life to live, and we deserve to be in peace with ourselves. I have worked with people in LGBTQ+ community both in individual and couple session. I am WPATH qualify to write gender affirming surgery letter.

I am Angela Bates, a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey to emotional well-being. Angela’s counseling style is empathetic, mindful, and client-centered. She believes in treating everyone with respect and dignity but equally important, she prides herself on demonstrating compassion, genuineness, and empathy. Angela’s treatment approach is set on the foundation of building a therapeutic relationship by establishing trust and rapport from the onset of sessions.

I'm a dedicated therapist specializing in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), focusing on helping clients overcome anxiety, depression, and stress-related issues. I have over 15 years of experience with adolescents, college students, and adults. I create a supportive, non-judgmental environment where we work together to identify and change negative thought patterns and behaviors. My goal is to empower you with practical skills and strategies to improve your mental well-being and achieve your personal goals.

Are you feeling a little “off” lately? Down, anxious or unsure what comes next in life, especially after the last year or so? Or it could be you just don’t feel like yourself and you’re not sure why. You are not alone. To have problems means that you are human; but there is hope. I provide a warm, accepting space for people to explore what matters to them and what’s getting in their way. I help clients learn to feel more comfortable with their emotions, to experiment with different ways of relating to their thoughts and feelings, to cultivate resilience, and to develop the self-trust and self-compassion that will support them along their paths. Therapy provides you with a place to work on and work out your concerns, to be heard and reflect, and to take some space for yourself. Together, we will explore the underlying reasons for your troubles, what it might mean for you to “feel better” and begin to live a more productive, meaningful and engaged life. I use an integrative approach consisting of cognitive behavioral therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness-based interventions.

I spent many years as an educator in public schools and as a counselor. Now I have the privilege to devote my full time to mental health counseling. My focus is to help families and individuals navigate through life's challenges. I'd love to be your counselor - whether you would like to do pre-marital/couples counseling, to consciously uncouple/improve co-parenting dynamic, or focus on self-work.

I am an independent licensed clinical/certified Social Worker. I first started my career in Child Welfare in various states/levels of government as an investigator and elevated to a supervisory role. I also hail from the US Department of Veterans Affairs in a Management role. However, it is my pleasure to now serve as Therapist and in my private practice. My main specialty areas include, but are not limited to Depression, Anxiety, Trauma/PTSD, Intimate Partner Violence, Grief and Loss, Narcissism, Codependency, Geriatric, etc.

Shannon Lovett, a compassionate and highly skilled Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with experience in treating adults, college students, and adolescents. Each person is unique and special in their own way. Therapy should be tailored to meet each individual's specific role within their environment and cultural experiences, physical and emotional well-being. Many clients are challenged with depression, anxiety, or relationship issues related to dating, friendships, or family. I have experience working with issues ranging from psychosis, trauma, conduct-related problems, family conflict, grief, men's issues, mood disorders, self-esteem, self-harming and PTSD. Shannon is dedicated to providing comprehensive support to individuals and families in their journey toward healing and growth.

As a veteran and sought-after trauma and somatic expert, Andrea Cennington leverages the power of education and community outreach to bridge gaps and address disparities. Through storytelling, training, mindfulness, humor, and transparency, she aims to show minds, hearts, and organizations that they can heal and positively impact individuals, families, and communities. Her mission is to inspire others to embrace their inner strength, rewrite narratives, break down barriers, heal ancestral trauma, and cultivate resilience together. From a certified special education teacher to a licensed mobile crisis counselor, her diverse background allows her to approach therapy from multiple paradigms. Combining clinical expertise with a heart-driven and data-based approach, she aims to cultivate a safe space for beings to be vulnerable. As a trusted trainer for PESI®, she's also a licensed therapist, neurodiverse parent, prior Special Education Teacher, and an advocate for mental well-being. I intentionally create a therapeutic environment that fosters growth, insight, and transformation. Collaborating with forward-thinking, intellectual individuals ready to take their self-awareness to another level is deeply fulfilling and rewarding for myself and my clients.

I am Natalie Edwards, a multi-state licensed psychotherapist with over 15 years in the mental health field. I am experienced in working with couples who are looking for support, clarity and problem solving skills in a safe non-judgmental space. Please rest assure that you have come to the right place for guidance. It's great that you recognize the benefits of processing your emotions and concerns with a therapist who can help guide you in working through the challenges. Your expectations and openness to learn new skills is significant to the process of positive change you can be proud of.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Texas. I received my Masters from the Howard University and have been practicing for 5 years. I help people realize the underlying reasons to their stressful factors and lay out a personalized plan towards the goals they would like achieve. Therapy itself can sometimes feel overwhelming, but I am fully engaged with you through your journey.

My name is Wendy Harding and I have been a school Psychologist for 12 years working with children from birth through high school. In the past four years I have been working towards transitioning to a full-time therapist to help adolescents and adults work through challenges. I am of Latino descent, however, consider myself to be Afro-Latina. I was born and raised in the Bronx, in NY, which means I have worked with people who are generally from the inner cities. After moving to Maryland, I have gained experience with working with all kinds of people with all different levels of education, class, ethnicities, gender and challenges. I enjoy working with teens and older clients and have worked with client who are experiencing, anxiety, adhd, autism, grief, sexual identity issues, couples' issues, etc. I also specialize in sex therapy.

Alexis focus on treating adults, particularly those experiencing life adjustments. for older adults utilizing cognitive behavior therapy for the treatment of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, AD(H)D, brain injury, and adjustment disorder. She also offers the opportunity for clients to vent about life’s disappointments and difficulties. She also offers the person-centered approach for talking through grief and other hardships. Specialties also include stress management and recovering from trauma.

Michelle Milligan, LCSW, LCSW-C, LISW, LISW-C, and LIMHP, for the past 25 years, is a dedicated and experienced Licensed Social Worker in multiple states with a strong background in providing therapeutic services across various disciplines. Her commitment to excellence and compassionate approach make her a valuable asset in medical, clinical, and psychiatric social work settings." I specialize in treating Racial Trauma in the workplace, Post Traumatic Slave Syndrome, Social and General Anxiety and Mood Disorders (depression and bipolar), Anxiety (Social Phobia and PTSD), Transitional Stressors (divorce, grief, occupational and family changes), couples and family counseling, behavioral problems with adolescents, ADD and AD/HD, and problems with anger and impulsivity.

I am a compassionate and dedicated trauma-focused therapist specializing in helping individuals heal from the emotional and psychological effects of trauma, or helping couples work through their trauma together to strengthen their relationships. Helping navigating life's challenges, including depression, anxiety, and the stressors that can often feel overwhelming. I strive to provide a safe and nonjudgmental space for clients to process and recover from difficult experiences.

Hello, I am Melisha Harris a licensed clinical social worker. As a therapist, I create a safe and compassionate space where you can explore your story, heal, and grow. Whether you’re dealing with depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, life transitions, or simply seeking greater clarity and peace, I’m here to support you. Counseling can help you rediscover your strengths and build the life you deeply deserve. If you’re ready to take that next step, I’ll walk with you to create a safe and welcoming environment that allows clients to explore, heal and improve your quality of life.

Hello! I'm a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 18 years of experience, proudly serving clients in Maryland and Virginia. I hold a Master’s degree from Towson University, PhD Capella University, and specialize in supporting adults navigating anxiety, depression, and life transitions. My goal is to help clients gain clarity, build resilience, and move toward becoming their most authentic and empowered selves.

Hi! I am a mental health therapist based in Maryland. I received my licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and National Certified Counselor (NCC) in 2018. I received my B.A. in Psychology in 2011 from San Francisco State University, my M.A. in Clinical Mental Health in 2018 from Argosy University, and my Ph.D. in Counseling Education and Supervision from Capella University. I am dedicated to providing mental health therapy to adults who are suffering from depression, anxiety, stress low self-esteem, ADHD, and life transitions. Though my primary clinical model is CBT and Person-Centered, my approach is holistic.

I’m a licensed mental health counselor with over 30 years of experience helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and grow into their best selves. My approach is compassionate, client-centered, and grounded in evidence-based practices. I specialize in supporting people through anxiety, depression, trauma, and life transitions, always with an emphasis on personal growth and resilience. I believe that with the right support and tools, everyone has the capacity to heal, thrive, and create a life that feels meaningful and authentic.

Monique Woodby- Sibley is a Licensed Graduate Professional Counselor (LCPC) and National Certified Counselor (NCC) with a Masters of Mental Health Counseling Degree. She has experience working with diverse populations of individuals, families, and couples in a varietyof treatment settings including inpatient, outpatient and community based services. She has availability on weekends and evenings.Monique has a broad range of clinical experience working with individuals in the areas of depression, anxiety, bipolar, stress management, crisis prevention and substance abuse. She is eclectic and utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy(CBT), Person Centered Therapy,Acceptance and Commitment therapy, Dialectical Therapy, Psychodynamic therapy andMindfulness/Relaxation. Monique uses a therapy approach that emphasizes the client's capacity to make choices and develop to their maximum potential. She believes in being authentic and transparent in order to create a safe and non-judgmental environment for the client.

Hi There I am Maria Miranda Bilingual Spanish/English Therapist I'm here to help you!!. Seeking therapy can feel scary but you're making the right choice. You deserve a safe space to heal and grow. Whether you're dealing with overwhelm, relationship issues, works issues or cycles of anxiety and depression, PTSD, etc. In our sessions together, I'll meet you with compassion and evidence-based techniques so you can overcome the hang-ups and habits holding you back. Let's work together! Together, we can identify what's not working and get you back to balance. We'll use a whole self approach, addressing the needs of your mind, body and spirit.

Are you feeling depressed and anxious? Are you finding your life is in turmoil because you have to make a change? Maybe you are changing careers or jobs, you’re recently divorced, your home is now an empty nest, or you are retiring. These are only a few of life’s transitions that can bring on depression and anxiety. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, the therapy I use most often, states that A (Antecedent action or event) + B (our belief about that antecedent action or event) = Consequences, (depression or happiness). If you think of a transition or event (A) as a negative experience (B), you will experience the consequences of your belief, as depression and anxiety (C-negative) or as happiness and excitement (C-positive). Unfortunately, many of us view a transition or change as a bad thing, a time when we are facing the unknown without a map. I would like to help you see change as an opportunity, a time for growth and exploration. Come with me. Together we can make change a positive force for a bright future. please schedule appoints only on the hour.😀

Hello, I'm Shashana Carter. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and board-approved supervisor, with over 15 years of professional, life and clinical experience. I work with individuals 18-70 to resolve conflict and improve functioning in the lives of my clients. My specialty areas include depression, trauma, grief, life direction, excessive eating, stress, anxiety and relationship issues. Using an evidence-based person-centered approach, and solution-focused perspective will empower clients to overcome obstacles achieve realistic goals and provide solutions to problematic issues getting in the way of living a healthier lifestyle and having a more positive mindset.

Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 8 years of diverse experience and I continue to evolve in new treatment models. I have worked with individuals, families, and couples alike. I have specialized training in depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, and women's issues. In my approach to individual therapy, I utilize treatment methods such as Motivational Interviewing, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused and Strength Perspectives.

Hello, Ari here. Are you constantly putting out fires? Do you ever feel like a better life is waiting for you but you just can't seem to reach it? You know what you need to do but you're still nervous. I’m here for you. Together, we will put you in the best position to make clear choices about your life with confidence. Working together, we will help you regain control of your automatic thoughts and feelings so that YOU can make conscious choices and own them.

Dr. Simone Blanchard is the Executive Director and Lead Therapist of Inner Light Consulting and Therapeutic Services in the metro Washington DC area. She is a National Certified Counselor (NCC) and holds her LCPC (Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor) in Maryland and Washington, DC. She is also a Trauma Specialist whose training includes working with children impacted by childhood sexual abuse. Dr. Blanchard is a sought-after speaker by both lay and professional audiences. To the general community, she speaks about parenting skills, relationship healing and building, childhood development, and natural healing modalities. To professional audiences, her presentations include mental health diagnoses, interventions, treatment, and prognoses; relationship healing and building; suicide prevention; mind-body connection; and global trauma. Dr. Blanchard earned her graduate degree with high honors in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Marymount University. She was inducted into the Psi Chi International Honors Society in Psychology and the Delta Epsilon Sigma National Honor Society. She is an International Psychology with a special concentration in global trauma. She has studied with master practitioners in spirituality, human development, and restitution.