United Healthcare Life Insurance Therapists in North Carolina

Welcome and congratulations on taking the first step in your healing journey! First, my name is Cherie and I am originally from New York. My journey to becoming a therapist began while serving in the Army and having the opportunity to help Soldiers and their family members with personal issues/concerns. My experience led me to pursue formal schooling and training to be more of a service through therapy and providing much-needed resources to the people in need. This path has been rewarding for me, and being able to experience lives being transformed and people empowered continues to be an honor.

My name is Anna and I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor (LCMHC) and I specialize in Clinical Complex Trauma with children, teens and adults. I have also worked with various mood disorders and helping many through difficult phases in life. I have worked with individuals and families for about 5 years, both online and in private practice. My passion is to help those who have hit a rough patch and need help making their way to the other side. Working with mothers during and after pregnancy has become a passion as I myself am a mother and can provide empathy and insight to these particular experiences.

Hello! I’m Ally (she/her), a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I believe in using a holistic, person-centered approach that honors you as the expert of your own experiences. Whether you are navigating a big life change, struggling with anxiety, or looking to strengthen your coping skills, I’m here to support you. Using an eclectic approach (incorporating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, mindfulness-based strategies, solution focused work) we’ll work together to find what resonates best for you and your unique situation. Therapy with me is collaborative, supportive, and respectful of your journey. I’ll listen, ask questions, and provide guidance, but ultimately, it’s your voice that leads the way. You deserve a space where you can feel truly seen, heard, and empowered to be yourself.

Hiya. My name is Sejal Patel, and I am currently licensed in North and South Carolina, as a LMFT. As a therapist, I show curiosity when my client(s), families, and couples ask me for guidance. Majority of my clients', share the assumption, because I am a therapist, I experience minimal challenges in life and relationships. I wish that was true. My professional education and knowledge has been helpful and useful. Truthfully, the lessons I learned by experiencing failures, challenges, and struggles of life are the true heroes to how I find my solutions. I welcome your curiosity to a collaborative process that combines my professional expertise, your life experience knowledge, and the power of creative solutions.

The population I serve includes adults, adolescents, and families. I provide counseling in both individual and group settings. My theoretical orientation is an eclectic approach that has its main theoretical framework from cognitive behavioral Therapy and combines skills and techniques from reality therapy such as choice theory, WDEP (wants, doing and direction, evaluation, and planning) and solution focused therapy such as miracle question and scaling. Overall I work with the client to improve their thinking pattern in order to improve or change their behaviors, coping with challenges effectively, and create meaning in their lives that honor who they are in the here and now.

Hi there, I'm Teresia! Do you feel overwhelmed by challenging relationships with loved ones, friends or co-workers? Are you struggling to keep up with your relationships, work and health? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? I help people just like you manage anxiety and avoid burnout. Together, we can identify what's not working and get you back to balance. We'll use a holistic approach, addressing the needs in all aspects of your life. I will integrate mindfulness and CBT to help you develop a stronger relationship with yourself. My area of expertise includes anxiety issues, stress, anger management, depression, coping skills and mood disorders including bipolar. Whether you're dealing with everyday stress, relationship issues or cycles of anxiety and depression, I'm here to help. Seeking therapy can feel scary but you're making the right choice. You deserve a safe space to heal and grow. In our sessions together, I'll meet you with compassion and evidence-based techniques so you can overcome the hangups and habits holding you back. Let's work together!

My name is Traci Abernethy. I have been a therapist for 14 years. My background is in Mental health as well as Substance abuse and dual-diagnosis. I have helped many improved their mental health and restore confidence. I graduated with a Bachelors of Social Work in 2010 at the University of North Carolina Greensboro and with a Masters of Social in 2011 from the Joint Masters of Social program at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical University and The University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

I am a native North Carolinian, raised on a farm. I find enjoyment in seeing the moment when clients in my care get it and understand themselves better. I consider myself a behaviorist at heart with a passion for utilizing DBT and working with those suffering from emotional dysregulation, self-harm and suicidal thoughts. I believe that everyone is capable of achieving a life worth living and loving. My areas of passion and expertise are in personality disorders, depression and neurodivergence.

Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) base in North Carolina. I earned my Master's Degree from East Carolina University and have accumulated 15 years of experience in the social work field, with 9 years of practice. I specialize in providing support to young adults and women going through various life transitions, particularly motherhood. I thoroughly enjoy assisting individuals during the perinatal to postpartum stages. I also specialize in guiding clients through their healing journey from past traumas, grief and loss, and burnout.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Licensed Clinical Addiction Specialist (LCAS) based in North Carolina. I received my Masters from the University of North Carolina Wilmington, and have been practicing going on 9 years now. I love helping young adults discover and understand how their past experiences are continuing to impact their lives, and how they can move forward.

Greetings! I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor (LCMHC) based in North Carolina. I completed my Master's program in 2011 at North Carolina Central University. I started my counseling journey in May 2011, working in community based mental health. I have since worked in both private and community settings. My experience has ranged from childhood and adolescent to older adulthood. I help my clients to deal with symptoms of anxiety and depression.

Hi, I am a Marriage and Family Therapist practicing in North Carolina. I received my degree from Saybrook University in California and have been practicing for the past 15 years. I have specialized training in Somatic Experiencing and Attachment Therapy. I work with adults to resolve symptoms of stress, shock, and trauma that accumulate in our bodies and nervous systems transforming patterns that get stuck and impact our daily life. I support clients in bringing their nervous systems back into balance getting out of fight, flight and freeze to strengthen one's sense of safety, resourcefulness and resilience in the world. Some of the techniques I use are helping clients slow down and attune to what is happening in their bodies. I also work with clients on "resourcing" or finding tools to help them self soothe when they are feeling emotionally overloaded.

My life experiences drew me to become a therapist and gave me a strong desire to help others on their paths. I have worked in a variety of settings, from schools, jails, and hospitals to private practice. I have specialized training in TF-CBT, DBT, ACT, EMDR, autism, and women's issues, including perinatal, postpartum, and perimenopausal/menopausal issues. I look forward to helping you on this journey together!

Hi, I'm Teshia. Despite your best efforts, do you find yourself on the verge of divorce? Your marriage may be a disaster, but your divorce doesn't have to be! As a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with nearly 20 years of experience as a family law paralegal, I possess a unique set of skills that are invaluable to those who find themselves in the throes of divorce. In addition to providing support through one of the most difficult life transitions, understanding that the legal process of divorce has the potential to inhibit the healing process and completely devastate families, I provide my clients with a better way to divorce...a way that builds up instead of tears down...a way that refashions your family instead of leaving it shattered. Since every ending brings a new beginning, my goal as your therapist is to guide you through the uncertainty of divorce, help you regain your balance and help you lay the foundation for a HEALTHY new beginning. No matter where you are in the divorce process, whether working as your therapist or as your divorce coach, I am dedicated to helping you regroup, recover and grow. "GREAT IS THE ART OF BEGINNING, BUT GREATER IS THE ART OF ENDING." -Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

I am a caring and compassionate provider. I enjoy helping people discover their strengths and abilities. I am a very direct therapist but I will walk along side you and help you navigate through life's challanges. I will equip you with the tools you need to overcome the obstacles that you are facing as we determine the best way to walk through them together.

Hello! I believe that adversities don’t have to define who you are, rather, they can promote the resiliency necessary to develop who you’ll be and the story you’ll share. As a licensed mental health therapist and addiction specialist trained in EMDR with over 5 years of experience, my hope is to join you as you pursue the process of writing your growth and resiliency story. I work alongside my clients to cultivate a tailored approach to treatment through the incorporation of elements from multiple psychotherapy schools of thought and modalities. I will always show up authentically with a balance of compassion and directness to offer. If interested in working together, please do not hesitate to reach out. I would be more than happy to schedule a consultation to collaboratively talk through what brings us together and how I may be able to best support your mental health needs and therapy goals.

I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker passionate about helping clients work through trauma, anxiety, stress, and life transitions. My approach combines TF-CBT and DBT to provide practical tools, coping strategies, and insight that fit your unique needs. I strive to create a supportive, nonjudgmental space where you feel both comfortable and challenged, allowing real growth to take place. Together, we’ll build resilience, improve emotional regulation, and work toward meaningful, lasting change so you can move forward with confidence.

Hello, I am a licensed professional therapist in North Carolina. My experience has centered on working with diverse populations, from military-affiliated, college, and community behavioral health and private practice. Working within these settings has allowed my involvement with various ages, genders, cultures, and life experiences. My theoretical orientation is Constructivism; therefore, I need to understand my client's life perspectives and how that has influenced their worldview. In working with clients, I also practice an integrated approach using constructivism, person-centered, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, solution-focused therapies, and others. Person-centered focuses on the client and allows the client to process feelings and thoughts in a non-judgmental environment with unconditional positive regard. Cognitive-behavioral therapy focuses on the role of thinking in the process of influencing a person's feelings of well-being and how controlling thoughts can affect mental health. This approach maintains the link between emotions and behaviors in the cognitive process. The humanistic therapeutic method emphasizes the counseling relationship and the importance of quality, genuineness, positive regard, and empathy in the counseling relationship. Solution-focused therapy utilizes skills already present to help navigate current concerns, focusing on being present and checking facts on emotions and feelings that might direct reactive responses to stressors. Constructivism proves the space for cultural humility and openness to worldviews I might not have had the privilege to interact with previously.

I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in North Carolina and have been practicing for over 10 years. I received my Master's Degree from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. I enjoy helping individuals find balance and contentment in their lives. I enjoy helping individual who have experienced trauma work through difficult emotions, feelings and beliefs in order to live more balanced and meaningful lives.

Hi! I'm a LCMHC based in North Carolina. I received my Masters from Montclair state University and have been practicing since 2012. Being a counselor, entrepreneur, and a mom, I have experienced the struggles of the balancing act for high achievement and multitasking, and with help from my counselors I have eventually learned that act. now I love to help clients mastering the the same skill to enjoy success and life together.

John Swails is an ordained minister, a Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT), and Marine Corp Veteran, with military mental-health practice experience addressing traumatic stress, separation, family grief, and relationship issues, and civilian experience addressing physical and sexual abuse, single-mothers with dual diagnosed children, and group therapy for middle-school and teens to develop resiliency. As a therapist, John utilizes proven DBT, Strategic, CBT-Family, Solution-Focused, and other systemic techniques to address individual, couple, and family issues. As a minister John is sensitive to the beliefs of the client and is ready to explore spiritual solutions to any issue.

As a licensed mental health counselor, I am here to provide compassionate, evidence-based support to help you navigate life's challenges. My approach focuses on creating a safe, non-judgmental space where we can work together to understand your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, and develop practical strategies for achieving your goals. Whether you're dealing with trauma, anxiety, depression, or simply looking to improve your well-being, I am committed to guiding you on your path to healing and personal growth.

With 9 years' experience, I help children, teens, adults & families heal from trauma using TF-CBT, AF-CBT & CPT. I offer a safe, supportive space to process pain, build resilience & create lasting change. Whether you're a parent or adult facing the past, we'll work together to move forward with strength & hope. If you’ve experienced trauma like sexual or physical abuse, you’re not alone. Healing is possible, and you don’t have to do it alone. I offer a safe, supportive space to help you process pain and rebuild. When you're ready, I’m here to walk with you on your path to healing.

Hi there! I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in based in North Carolina. I received my Master's degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University and I have been walking alongside clients during their therapeutic journey since 2019. I help adults who are struggling with anxiety, trauma, and other issues that stand in their way of being the best version of themselves.

Welcome! My name is Tammy and I am dedicated to supporting women through some of life’s most transformative and sometimes overwhelming seasons. I have been a Licensed Professional Counselor for over 20 years and have worked in several different settings including psychiatric care (access clinician and case manager), middle school counseling, high school counselor and private practice. I understand how complex and layered our experiences can be. I strive to create a safe, supportive environment where you can speak freely, process your emotions and feel seen and heard without judgment. If you are feeling stuck, overwhelmed or uncertain about what comes next, know you don’t have to go through it alone. Let’s start a conversation and take the first step together.

I am here to aid you on your journey in becoming the version of yourself you want to be. We will walk this journey together and figure out the best way to deal with changes that occur in your life. I come with an open mind and ask that you do the same. Realize we are in this adventure together and your opinion, experiences and vision for yourself will be the focus of our plan. Feeling empowered, challenged and heard. You will know that your concerns are valid and deserved to be addressed.

I have spent the past 28 years working in the field of mental health and the last 13 years operating my own private practice, where I’ve had the privilege of walking alongside individuals on their journey toward healing and growth. My work is rooted in evidence-based approaches like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), while also incorporating innovative and holistic techniques that meet each client where they are. Beyond my professional role, I’ve been married for 20 years and am a proud mother of two sons, ages 18 and 11. These life experiences have given me a deep understanding of the joys and challenges of relationships, parenting, and balancing personal growth with everyday responsibilities. I believe that even life’s hardest seasons carry valuable lessons, and my mission is to help clients uncover those lessons, break through barriers, and step into their most authentic and empowered selves.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I received my undergraduate degree from Cornell University and my Masters of Social Work from the State University of New York at Buffalo. I have been working in the field for many years and have helped many individuals facing a variety of life challenges to make positive changes and lead their best life. I am looking forward to working with you!

I am passionate about helping individuals build confidence and alleviate symptoms of anxiety, trauma, substance use and depression. Through our work together, my goal is to empower you with effective coping skills and strategies to navigate life’s stressors and challenges. I meet you where you are and will support you every step of the way, guiding you towards healthier emotional well-being and resilience.

I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in the state of North Carolina and have received my Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Liberty University. Don't let that scare you. I do not judge and am easily relatable. I love working with clients who find themselves in a place where they have to make life decisions and help them think through what the best decisions would be.

To feel fulfilled and truly happy in life, we need to take care of ourselves from the inside out, and this is what I help my clients do in their therapy sessions. I am passionate about supporting my clients to help them achieve their mental health goals and live a more positive and rewarding life. I help clients to re-discover their mental and emotional strength and to persevere through life's unexpected challenges. Therapy is a collaborative effort, and I look forward to working together as a team to help you reach the full potential that you have always envisioned in your life. I have worked in a variety of settings such as outpatient therapy, community mental health, nonprofit, private practice, inpatient psychiatry, and school settings. I specialize in working with children, adolescents and adults of different backgrounds, ethnicities and lifestyles. I offer a non-judgmental and person-centered environment for clients to explore areas of their life that they would like to bring about change and work through mental health concerns. I will help you work through past, present and future challenges you wish to overcome. Contact me today to start the journey of improving your life and meeting your goals!

Life brings challenges that can shift our focus and cause us to lose sight of ourselves and what matters most. It is my privilege to offer a compassionate, listening ear—providing support, encouragement, and practical tools to help you navigate these difficult moments. My ultimate goal is to create a safe, unbiased, and nonjudgmental space where you feel truly seen, heard, and empowered. Working with individuals, and families from all , backgrounds, and walks of life is more than a job—it's a dream come true. I am here to serve. I am here for you. Whether you're facing life’s unexpected challenges or seeking personal growth, I’m committed to walking alongside you with guidance, support, and the tools you need to achieve your goals. I look forward to partnering with you on this journey.

Hi, I’m Ney. Thank you for being here. You don’t have to go it alone. Whether you're feeling stuck in relationships, overwhelmed by stress, or trying to make meaningful changes, therapy can be a powerful step forward. I work with teens, adults, couples, and families, providing a space that’s safe, grounded, and focused on real growth, not just talk. With over 13 years of mental health experience in the residential, community, hospital and private practice settings, I bring a direct but compassionate approach. I won’t just nod and listen; I’ll challenge you when needed, and I’ll support you every step of the way.

Hello. My name is Paige Fuqua. I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor (LCMHC) in North Carolina. I have over 13 years of experience as a therapist and counselor. I enjoy working with adolescents, young adults, and adults who are seeking support in making life changes, improving relationships, and feeling better both mentally and physically. I see clients virtually in a private, confidential setting.

I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) seeing clients in North Carolina statewide via virtual visits. I specialize in working with anxiety, depression, setting boundaries, dating in the digital era, confidence, and eating disorders. Whether, you have a small circle of friends, dealing with transitional changes in life, depression, loneliness, or even really crappy Hinge dates. You deserve to invest in your self-care and curate the most fulfilling life for yourself. If any of this speaks to you I encourage you to reach out today.

Hi! I'm Rebecca! I've been a therapist for nearly 15 years. My specialties are neurodiversity and trauma. In my trauma work, I help clients regain a sense of safety in the world and (re)learn how to trust their own bodies and nervous systems. I also help my clients understand how to work with their unique neurotype rather than against it.

Hi there! I'm a licensed mental health provider in both North and South Carolina and a licensed clinical addiction specialist. I earned my Master’s degree from William & Mary, and I focus on helping adults work through attachment disorders, unresolved childhood trauma, and PTSD. My passion is guiding clients as they uncover and heal from past trauma, leading to greater self-esteem, emotional balance, stronger coping skills, and healthier relationships.

For over twenty years, I have worked with adolescents and adults, helping them to examine and better understand how life's challenges and events impact them, causing symptoms of depression, trauma, anxiety, and others. Together, we develop a therapeutic relationship to explore, learn, and practice ways to manage emotions and maladaptive behaviors and to reframe and resolve the issues that challenge you.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor (LCMHC) based in North Carolina. I received my Masters from the Gardner-Webb University and have been practicing for 9 years. I help young adults and children struggling with career/school stress as well as feeling stuck in a life. All the pressures we have today lead to melancholy and burnout. Lets work together to help you become the best versions of yourself so you can feel peace and contentment.

My goal is to assist you in developing your vision and journey in becoming your best and desired self. I am person centered and enjoy applying creative strategies in my practice; such as the use of art, music-videos, narrative mediums and activities. I believe that everyone is capable of change. I have extensive experience with working with adolescents, adults, and families. I am an active supporter of persons and groups of varied cultural backgrounds and individuals in the LGBTQ+ community.

Hi! I am a dually licensed therapist in both Florida and North Carolina. I began my education later in my adult life, and believed I had arrived late to the game. But I found that life experience paired with my own belief system, allowed me the opportunity to view life's challenges through a unique lens, and because of that I am non-judgmental and empathetic towards people who are struggling with the hurts life has dealt them. I believe in using a collaborative approach in helping my clients. I use evidence-based practices, including CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, and Motivational Therapy, as well as Christian Counseling. I am supportive, yet direct with empathy, compassion and help you address the barriers in your life that are causing you pain and distress.

My name is Daniel OIaciregui M.S. , LMHC. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in the state of Florida. I have been working as a therapist since 2017. I have the pleasure of working with a wide variety of clients. I have been working with substance abuse, anxiety, depression, trauma, first responders, and Bipolar clients. I am versed in several modalities including Gestalt, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused, Trauma, and EMDR trained. I utilize these approaches with my clients to help address and manage their needs. I believe it is essential to create a partnership with clients to maximize success. I believe increasing one's quality of life is key to better living. I appreciate and respect the courage it takes to ask for help, and am grateful for the opportunity to assist others.

My name is Stephanie, and I'm a licensed clinical social worker living in North Carolina. I have been practicing professionally since 2018, and have experienced working with children, adults, families and couples, in settings that include private practice, school-based, agency and crisis work. My favorite part of being a clinician is having the privilege of witness folks learn and develop their own strengths and truths, and become holistically healthier, more empowered, and more in control of their own lives.

Hey! I'm a Licenced Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) providing telehealth services in several states. I have worked in mental health since 2010 and have been in private practice for 3 years. My clients are working adults who are overwhelmed and I help them identify ways to improve their relationships with themselves, family, work, money, etc. My goal is to help my clients curate a life that they value.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in North Carolina. I graduated in 2020 with my Master's of Social Work from Western Carolina University, and I've been working with youth and families for over 15 years, 8 of those being in the mental health field. I help neurodivergent, queer, and gender-expansive adolescents, teens, and young adults find ways to live authentically as themselves in a world that can be unkind and harsh. I also support people who have had negative experiences with therapy in the past and want to try again with a more person-centered and affirming approach.

Hi, my name is Leslie Travia. I grew up as one of six children and now enjoy spending time whenever possible with my siblings, my many nieces, nephews, and their children. I have two grown children of my own and have been married for over 30 years. Over the years, my family and I have lived in 10 different states as well as in Europe, and I believe each place has deepened my appreciation for diverse cultures and perspectives. I also believe we are never too old to learn something new. I value self-empowerment and strive to surround myself with positivity and kindness.

Hello Friend! Welcome to the "G.Lee Club PLLC" where we are committed to your success and individual process!! Life happens and we are here for it, no matter how small or big the situation may seem, our hope is to see you rise above your circumstances, with a unique and tailored plan of care! (Insurance, Private pay/cash pay, Sliding scale for low-income.) **Style and specialties** Ages 12+, ADHD, transitions in life, EMDR, solution-focused, trauma-informed care, CBT, motivational interviewing, self-esteem, talk therapy, young adults, expressive arts, disability, and advocation care, chronic illness, sand tray. **Life Experiences**-ADHD, Adopted/Foster Care, Chronic illness, Trauma. **Education**- Master of Science in Vocational Rehabilitation Counseling from Winston-Salem State University. Obtained a Nationally accredited certification for rehabilitation counselors; Certified Rehabilitation Counselor (CRC) designation. ***I am committed to meeting clients where they are, according to their needs and abilities for them to become your most successful selves. **Message me for more info about sliding scale or low income.

Arlicia Hall is a dually licensed mental health counselor and clinical addictions specialist with a proven record of leadership in behavioral health, substance abuse treatment, and care management. Over her extensive career, she has held pivotal roles including Program Director, Care Manager Supervisor, and Regional Manager, where she has guided multidisciplinary teams, ensured regulatory compliance, and developed innovative, patient-centered care models. Arlicia’s clinical approach is eclectic, integrating techniques from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, and other evidence-based practices to meet the unique needs of each client. She believes that flexibility, cultural sensitivity, and collaboration are essential to effective treatment, allowing her to create interventions that are both clinically sound and personally meaningful. Her expertise spans clinical oversight, program development, and quality improvement, with a deep commitment to integrating behavioral health interventions into comprehensive care systems. She has successfully led organizations through audits, accreditation processes, and performance turnarounds, always keeping the needs of patients and staff at the forefront. Her work has touched diverse populations—from individuals navigating co-occurring disorders to communities in need of tailored care management—ensuring equitable access to effective treatment and support. In addition to her leadership roles, Arlicia has maintained a thriving private practice, providing therapy, clinical supervision, and professional mentorship for emerging substance abuse counselors. She is a strong advocate for collaboration across health systems, criminal justice agencies, and community resources to achieve sustainable recovery outcomes. Known for her engaging speaking style and practical insights, Arlicia regularly shares her expertise at industry and community events. She inspires audiences with her vision for integrated, compassionate, and adaptable care that not only addresses immediate clinical needs but also builds pathways for long-term wellness.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in North Carolina and a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Carolina. I have been a clinician for the last 7 years while also being licensed as a K-12 School Counselor for the last 11 years. I serve clients starting at age 5 and up. I am a passionate counselor whose mission is to help people know they can manage their conditions and live fulfilling lives.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with seven years of experience. I bring a deep understanding of mental health, emotional well-being, and social support systems. I have spent years providing therapy and crisis intervention to individuals, families, and communities, often working in diverse settings such as schools, community agencies, and private practice. With extensive training in evidence-based therapeutic techniques and a strong commitment to advocacy, I work with clients to navigate complex challenges such as trauma, addiction, family dynamics, and systemic barriers.