Therapists in Massachusetts

Today you are one step closer to a new you where you feel empowered and on a positive path to growth and well-being. My goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. We can't change difficult situations of the past, but we can work together to better understand and resolve challenges in your life.

I am a dedicated psychotherapist committed to helping individuals navigate life's challenges, improve emotional well-being, and foster personal growth. With a client-centered approach, I provide a supportive and nonjudgmental space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Whether you're struggling with anxiety, depression, relationship concerns, trauma, or life transitions, I integrate evidence-based techniques tailored to your unique needs. My goal is to empower you with the tools and insights to create lasting change and live a more fulfilling life.

Reaching out for help in the form of therapy is not an easy thing to do as many can attest, but by reading this biography, you are taking the first step in getting help for yourself or a loved one. At times, life offers many struggles and obstacles that can be difficult to overcome alone. Engaging in therapy will provide opportunities to explore and process the thoughts and feelings that prevent you from living your best life. Though the thought of therapy may be intimidating and even nerve-wrecking for some, I believe once a person finds the right therapist, they find a trusting confidant who seeks to understand and problem solve.

I was born and raised in Puerto Rico and 20 years ago I moved to Florida where I currently reside. I graduated in 2005 from Florida International University with a Masters in Mental Health Counseling. At the present time, I hold 8 state licenses that allows me to to provide Tele-health counseling in other states besides Florida; Texas, South Carolina, Georgia, Arizona, Missouri, Utah and Michigan. I am also bilingual (English and Spanish) and I have more than 10 years of experience in the mental health and social services arena.

I want to help you solve the problems in your life. To do that, we need to determine what those problems are and we need to establish a rapport where trust, positive regard and hope are foundational. I am successful in my life only because of the support I have received both personally and professionally. I consider my work a continuation of the support I have been gifted.

Hi there I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) practicing in the field for past 14 years. I believe in providing care with respect, compassion, sensitivity and in a non judgmental way. Life is full of challenges however, in my experience I have realized that most of my clients are equally resourceful. Time and time again I have observed that my clients often resolve their issues with guidance and support. Many of my clients have said that they feel heard and not judged for the decisions they make day in and day out, I believe this is my strength. I meet my clients where they are at and try to understand what they are dealing with. I take the time to understand your struggles and craft a treatment plan based on your abilities and strengths. If you are ready to usher in the change in your life, I am here to help. To book an appointment please reach out to my intake team at +1 (786) 755-1863 OR reception+Charuta8742@growtherapy.com

Hello, first let me say how proud of your self you should be to start your healing journey it takes strength and bravery . I'm a Licensed mental health counselor (LMH) based in MA . I received my Masters from the Cambridge University in MA and have been practicing for 8 years. I work to support clients in their healing journey with such areas and struggles as depression, anxiety , PTSD, addiction, mood disorders, domestic violence and family conflicts (individual work) I feel some of my greatest strengths are being able to meet clients where they are at and providing them with the tools and support they need to work towards their goals and healing, using modalities that fit the client needs I use a Holisitc approach, strength based meeting client where they are at and respecting each client as a unique person

Hi! I am a therapist with 29 years of experience and love working with people to help become the best version of themselves. I form strong therapeutic alliances with the people I work with and help them find the path to feeling better about themselves and their lives. I am positive and supportive and work with people to be solution focused and to quickly learn to be more independent and to trust in themselves and the decisions they make. They will see me as their greatest cheerleader and advocate who is able to help them ask themselves the right questions to be able to make confident decisions on his/her or their own. I am also a CCTP (Certified Clinical Trauma Professional).

I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor currently practicing in the North Shore area of Massachusetts. In practice, I incorporate somatic practices, using a polyvagal lens, with traditional talk therapy. This combined approach supports clients with better understanding themselves and what they are going through. Clients learn how to regulate their nervous systems through effective self-care practices as they work towards living the life they want.

No matter how hard we try in life, inevitably we come across unpredictable waters. Sometimes riding the waves of life can be delightful and sometimes it can be soul crushing. Thus, I seek to help high functioning adults and adolescents to "embrace uncertainty and live joyfully through the process." I hope to energize and empower you to become the best version of yourself, especially during times of adversity. I work with you to evaluate your life goals and to gain insight and clarity about factors that might influence your success. I personally have experienced the power of having someone offer support in both the good and bad times of uncertainty, and it would be an absolute honor to support you as you navigate your life!

Welcome to my practice. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor with extensive experience in individual therapy with adults. My therapeutic approach is strength based and solution focused, underscored by an emphasis on the therapeutic relationship. The approach is collaborative and benefits individuals with a wide array of aspirations and desired personal changes. My experience and on-going training includes self care practices, life transitions, intergenerational living challenges, women's issues, and loss and grief. It is my hope that at the close of a client's therapy experience, they will feel more confident and trust in their own ability to navigate life's never ending challenges.

I help clients with childhood trauma, self esteem, depression, anxiety, and bullying. I use an integrated approach where I blend evidence-based therapies with intuitive counseling. Mediumship and tarot cards may be used in the session if appropriate. As a therapist I am an active participant in the session. You can expect to leave your first session feeling heard and understood, with a clear path forward to accomplishing your goals in counseling. I am an experienced counselor licensed in the states of Massachusetts and Virginia.

"Know Thyself" Socrates, a philosopher, emphasized the importance of knowing your true self. I am a Licensed Therapist in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Kentucky with over 20 years of counseling experience. You have taken the first step to learn more about yourself and facilitate change. If you are ready to take that step, I would like to invite you to schedule a first-time appointment. There is hope, even when your brain tells you there isn't. “Self-care is how you take your power back.” John Green.

I am a Licensed Mental Health Clinician. I received my Master's Degree from Westfield State College. I have been practicing for over 20 years. I understand the courage it can take to start working with a therapist. I consider it a great honor to support my clients who allow me to help them resolve issues they are struggling with. Through my years of experience, I have helped clients with a wide variety of challenges.

I am an independently licensed individual and family therapist for the states of Massachusetts and Delaware. For over 6 years I have had the honor of working with individuals from diverse backgrounds on issues that are impacting their lives. I approach treatment through a collaborative framework, recognizing that you are the expert of your life experience, and that my role is to accompany you through insightful exploration to help increase self-awareness, reach your goals, and bring about lasting change. I provide an empathetic, calm, and nurturing environment, where you will feel heard, and most importantly, understood. Together we will work on ways to help you understand your feelings and compulsions.

Hi, I am a licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW) in the state of Massachusetts. I have received my Master degree from Springfield college in 2012, and has been helping clients who experienced traumatic events, clients who have lived with anxiety and others who have ADHD to develop coping skills and allowing the client to become the version of themselves they wanted always to be.

Hi there! I have been a licensed therapist for 7 years and work in an outpatient hospital system as well as with a psychiatric crisis team. I have worked with just about every type of condition but have concentrated on people with anxiety, ADHD, career decisions and interpersonal relationship struggles. My niche age groups are females/males aged 20-30, whom I see in a very transitional and challenging period in life. Women ages 40-65 are my second demographic. My own lived experiences give me insight and help me to guide my clients through challenging times.

Hi, I’m Jennifer. Are you feeling lost, overwhelmed, or stuck? Have you been trying your best to navigate challenges that feel like too much? You’re not alone. You deserve support, and you can heal and find relief. You may be going through a life transition, have become more aware of past or present traumas impacting you now, or have faced a recent difficult experience, and are ready to begin your healing journey. I help empower individuals to overcome past adverse and traumatic experiences to live fulfilling and meaningful lives.

Welcome! I’m Michelle. I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker with over 8 years of experience working in the community mental health field. I received my MSW from Boston University in 2017. Throughout my career, I have worked with individuals navigating life transitions, relationship problems, and mood disorders. As a second generation Asian American, I also have a special interest in working with children of immigrants and individuals navigating their cultural identity.

I am a dedicated and compassionate Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with a wealth of experience spanning over ten years. Throughout my career, I have been unwavering in my commitment to fostering mental and emotional well-being in individuals facing diverse challenges. I have worked with a variety of partners, such as hospitals, private practices, community mental health agencies, law enforcement, substance abuse clinics, and child welfare. I have continued to grow my skills in crisis intervention, counseling, and advocacy. I am adept at collaborating with multidisciplinary teams to provide comprehensive care and support to clients.

I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in the states of Arizona and Indiana. I received a bachelor’s degree in Psychology from Purdue University and a master’s degree in Marriage and Family Therapy from Christian Theological Seminary. I have had the opportunity to work in and gain knowledge from a diverse collection of settings that include elementary, middle and high school, hospital chaplaincy department, private practice and private agencies working with families in the child welfare system. Each of these settings has provided me with hands-on experience working with individuals and families in crisis, as well as those who are faced with navigating some of life’s challenges such as divorce, loss, and addiction. As a Marriage and Family Therapist, I love a systems approach, understanding that we do not exist in a vacuum, but rather are part of larger systems. I take a non-judgmental, warm approach to therapy and I believe in tailoring my therapy towards my client's individual needs. Together we will establish goals and design a path towards a healthier way of being. I draw from a multitude of therapeutic techniques that include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Solutions Focused Therapy. Clients who work with me have a desire to change. Whether facing everyday challenges that are holding them back from living a fulfilling life or struggling with family dynamics that have caused distress or trying to navigate through grief, my clients can learn to use their insight to find new ways of functioning that better serve what they want from this life. My clients can see a future for themselves that brings peace, happiness and healing. The first step towards seeking help is often the most difficult. I am excited that you are here and look forward to taking this journey alongside you.

Hi! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in MA and NH . I have a master's degree from Boston University and have been working in the mental health field for 17 years. I have experience working in Homelessness/Transitional housing for Women and the unification of their children, Partial and Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitalization (individual and group therapy and case management ), Crisis Intervention, Palliative and Hospice Care, and providing individual and couples counseling with a virtual behavioral health organization as well as in private practice.

Jasmina works eclectically to suit the needs of the individual. Under the model of therapeutic techniques; modalities used in treatment may include CBT, psychodynamic therapy, family therapy, Behavior therapy, Trauma informed therapy, Strength based approach and mindfulness-based interventions. Jasmina holds expertise in treating anxiety, depression, mood disorders, life transition issues, relationship and family issues. My effort will always be to build a strong foundation of trust and honesty, tangible, and warm therapeutic work. The key to success will be your participation in developing the treatment goals that will support to develop more insight, build resources, resilience, promote healthy emotional and mental wellbeing.

You’re not here to just cope — you’re here to transform. If you’re the kind of person who’s ready to do the deep work — not just talk about change, but live it — then you’ve just found a therapist who’s as invested in your growth as you are. I work best with driven, insightful individuals who are tired of surface-level fixes and are craving something more: lasting breakthroughs, honest insight, and real emotional freedom. If you’re serious about getting unstuck and stepping fully into who you’re meant to be — this is where that work begins.

As a therapist, I take an integrative and compassionate approach, helping clients navigate life's challenges by developing healthy coping skills. While we can't prevent stressful situations, we can prepare for them by understanding our emotional responses and building resilience. I work with individuals to explore the deeper roots of their struggles, whether it's anxiety, ADHD, or other emotional difficulties, and help them break free from avoidance behaviors that may hold them back from a fulfilling life. My goal is to help clients embrace their unique strengths, manage limitations, and create a safe, non-judgmental space where they can grow, make sense of their thoughts and emotions, and become the best version of themselves.

I am a clinical social worker (LICSW) located in western Massachusetts. I hope to support clients in exploring their experiences of past and current relationships and how they relate to others; improving communication and interpersonal effectiveness skills; increasing feelings of self-esteem and self-efficacy; building skills to cope with distress and nervous system dysregulation; moving toward secure attachement in relationships; and recovering from experiences of trauma and invalidation. I use an eclectic therapeutic approach that integrates relational psychodynamic theory with dialectical strategies and mindfulness-based behavioral approaches.

Hello! My name is Nai and I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. People seek therapy for many reasons. Whether you are new to therapy or you have tried therapy more than once, I hope you will give it another try! Some people come to therapy knowing what they want to focus on, while others are not so sure, which is okay! Wherever you are on your journey, therapy is a place where you and I can collaborate and explore what you hope to gain from therapy. If you are open to this process, please schedule an appointment with me today.

I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I am a spiritual and very empathic person. I am analytical and want to find solutions to problems. I believe that all most people need is someone to really listen to them and accept them without judgement. I also believe that a sense of humor goes a long way in navigating life. I believe that other people and experiences are our greatest teachers and that you can learn a lot about life by listening to people's stories. I want to provide that warm safe space for you where you can truly be you.

I have over 30 years of clinical management , regulatory compliance, and consulting experience in behavioral healthcare systems both public and private. Former owner/operator of Community Health Center .I also have a deep knowledge of clinical program development including policies and procedures, staff training, and agency operations. I'm an expert in Florida Medicaid, Medicare and other state and federal regulatory compliance requirements . However, my real passion is working directly with clients offering support and having a first hand view of their personal growth. I speak Spanish and Greek .

I've been blessed to have wonderful professional positions throughout my career (see roderickhaferphd.com). Most recently I was Vice-Chair of the Psychiatry Department at the University of Wisconsin. I enjoy working with all client presentations and believe that the "connection" with those I treat is critical to therapy success. I think a 15 to 30 minute free consultation would be the best approach to determine "our fit" in working together.

Hi! I’m a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker based in Massachusetts. I received my MSW degree from Simmons University and have been practicing since 2021. My clinical interests include harm reduction, PWUD, queer and transgender communities, justice-centered practice, peer mentorship, anti-capitalism, narrative therapy, and solution-focused brief treatment. My goal is to support individuals in practicing reflection, accessing lasting self empowerment, and transforming their conditions.

Hello there! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in New York, Massachusetts and Georgia. As a therapist, I find my work fulfilling and believe that it is my calling to help my clients in the therapy space. I hold a Master's degree from New York University (NYU) and have been practicing for 20 years. My areas of expertise include helping women who are struggling with trauma, depression and anxiety to overcome their struggles and realize their full potential.

I have worked in a variety of different roles over the years which include individual and family counselling, being a member of a mobile crisis intervention team, working in a hospital setting in the maternity unit, pediatric unit, and on site outpatient health clinic. I most recently was working in an all male correctional facility offering support to both the inmate's and their families. I consider myself to be a generalist and have supported people of all ages with a wide variety of situations.

My name is Dr. Olushola Bakare, and I'm a board-certified Psychotherapist. I attended St Joseph College. I'm happy to help you today with any of your concerns. I enjoy empowering people and digging out their strengths. I don't ask fish to fly, neither do I ask birds to swim. I respect everyone's strengths and help my client recognize them. I love to highlight my client's strengths. I offer a safe, warm, therapeutic, judgment-free space for Adults (18+) and Older Adults (65+). I am sorry, but I do not accept clients who pay in cash. Also, every late cancellation or no-show accrues a late charge fee. It is my ethical duty to officially terminate our therapeutic relationship when it is reasonably clear that the client is no longer beneficent, services are no longer required, counseling no longer serves the client's needs and interests, or Dr. Olushola Bakare, LMFT limits do not allow the provision of further counseling services. It is the policy of Dr. Olushola Bakare, LMFT, that our professional relationship will be terminated after a one-month consistent lapse of meeting with a client. Dr. Olushola Bakare, LMFT, will attempt to notify you of this change in status as soon as possible after one month. My ethical duty is identifying, being available, and caring for current clients. It could feel awkward for our relationship to end, yet it is not meant to be discourteous in any way. I do not complete disability forms (Social Security, work excuse, FMLA, Court papers/legal papers, emotional support letters, etc). NO COUPLE THERAPY OR MEDICATION MANAGEMENT, PLEASE!

I am a clinical psychologist who provides clients with a warm environment to help them cope with a range of psychological challenges including anxiety, stress, depression, trauma, relationship challenges, and life transitions. My style is relational and my therapeutic approach incorporates both cognitive behavioral and mindfulness and acceptance based strategies. I seek to help clients gain a deeper understanding of their strengths as well as the challenges they face, while offering tangible coping skills in service of helping clients live a meaningful life.

Hello and welcome! I am glad you are here and I would like to help. Are you struggling with depression and anxiety, navigating a difficult life transition or stressful situation, experiencing sadness and grief over a significant loss? Are you wanting to experience more joy and gain confidence in your ability to face the often-painful challenges that life as a human being can bring our way? Do you sometimes experience overwhelming thoughts and emotions that lead to negative behaviors and mood states and get in the way of living your best life? Would you like to find a sense of inner peace, balance, hope and meaning? I enjoy working with individuals and adults of all ages seeking to make changes and learn coping skills to manage painful and unwanted feelings and resolve problems that arise, as well as couples seeking to increase connection and improve communication and conflict resolution skills. My approach draws from clinical training and experience in psychodynamic, mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral treatment approaches including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. I have 20 years of experience working with individuals of all ages and genders, families and couples struggling with a variety of mental health issues and life transitions, and continue to love my work. A little about me: I am a partner, mother, daughter, sister and friend. I am nurtured by being in nature, hiking with my dog, reading, cooking, gardening. I am enjoying exploring the Austin area since moving from Massachusetts in 2021.

Hi! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) based in Massachusetts. I received my CAGS from Cambridge College and my Master Degree from AMC. I have been practicing for 25 years. I help children, adolescents, young adults and families struggling with eating disorders, grief, adoption trauma and parenting difficulties to become the best versions of themselves and keep working to have their life improve. I also work with one time consults. We all need a safe place to vent, a sounding board or someone to answer some questions. Whether you are looking for ongoing therapy or a one time consult, you are always in the driver´s seat.

I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in the state of Massachusetts, where I received a Master’s degree in mental health counseling. I have worked in the mental health field for over 10 years, both in private practice and state agency. Using clinically tested and evidenced-based interventions, I have helped several individuals improve their life style, by focusing on the person and on addressing behaviors and negative thoughts that impact certain areas of their lives. Combining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Person-Centered Therapy, and Solution Focused Brief Treatment, I help individuals heal and find balance in their lives. I strive to be sensitive to cultural differences and I provide therapy for both English and Spanish speaking clients. My practice focuses on the treatment of depression, anxiety, trauma, and other mental health conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. It also focuses in addressing stressors on the mental health of LGBTQI+ individuals and those with relationship problems, motivation, self-esteem, and difficulties with confidence.

Hello, I’m Crystal, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with over 12 years of experience in the mental health field. I hold a Master’s degree in Social Work from the University of Georgia. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Mindfulness Therapy. My professional focus is on supporting women, teenagers, and young adults as they navigate life’s complexities. With a deep rooted passion for understanding the intricacies of the human mind, I am committed to walking alongside you on your journey toward healing and personal growth.

Hello there! I'm Ryan. Have you been finding it more and more difficult to find motivation in once simple tasks? Do you struggle in finding happiness in things you used to enjoy? Has it been hard in being kind to yourself? I assist people in managing their anxiety and depression, and look to put the client first in making empowered decisions over their lives- from small to colossal and anywhere in between. Together, we can work together to identify things that aren't working and get you back to a place of balance and equilibrium. I love being able to develop rapport with clients to better understand their worldview and go from there. I find it of utmost importance to put what the desires and needs are of the client and having that be the backbone of our sessions together. Whether you are going through a crisis in life, or just want someone to talk to, I am here to help. Taking the first step in seeing a therapist can be daunting and intimidating, but it is what can be so helpful to feel more well rounded in life. Together, we can work together to go over your goals and aspirations. Let's connect!

I'm a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker for Rhode Island and Massachusetts. I work with people in individual teletherapy sessions over video. I help people to feel better about themselves and their situations and to identify what changes may be possible and help them to work through the steps to make those changes, as well as the feelings that go along with it.

As a licensed clinical social worker and certified substance abuse counselor, I specialize in supporting individuals navigating substance use and mental health challenges like anxiety, depression, and trauma. With over 10 years of experience in the field—and lived experience with addiction in my own family—I bring not only clinical knowledge but deep empathy and understanding to the work I do. I’m passionate about helping people break free from painful cycles, reconnect with their strengths, and move forward with greater clarity and self-compassion. Whether you're just starting to explore change or returning to this work after setbacks, I offer a supportive, judgment-free space to help you heal and grow at your own pace.

Hi! I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) in Massachusetts and a Registered Art Therapist (ATR). I received my Master of Art in Mental Health Counseling and Art Therapy from Lesley University. I have over seventeen years of professional experience supporting adult individuals and groups struggling with anxiety, interpersonal relationships, communication issues, life transitions and techniques to reduce stress to name a few.

I’m a Clinical Therapist with a unique background. I’ve taught yoga, meditation, and even healing practices. I own an herbal business and have a deep passion for nature and people. In my opinion, all healing begins with a strong therapeutic relationship. If you’re seeking growth, healing, and a more effortless journey forward, we’ll be an excellent match. I’m committed to supporting you as your steadfast ally.

Psychotherapist and Clinical Supervisor at Journey to Healing Therapy, LLC, Alyssa holds a Masters in Social Work from Simmons University, with a concentration in Trauma and Interpersonal Violence. Alyssa completed her Bachelor of Science at Purdue University with a major in Neurobiology and Physiology with minors in Psychology and Sociology. Alyssa is also a 200-hour trained yoga teacher. In her spare time, Alyssa is an amateur gardener and plant enthusiast. She loves to read, enjoys spending quality time with her family, friends, and dogs, and is always excited to go on mini-adventures.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker practicing in the state of NC, SC, GA, CT, MA and IN. I am the sole therapist of Empathic Hues Counseling and Consultation, PLLC. My practice was created to help adults dealing with depression, anxiety and needing guidance with adjusting to to a change in quality of life. I hope to help individuals find peace needed to have more control over their lives and confidently overcome challenges. My goal is to help you understand “you” as well as focus on developing your internal and external strengths.

Hi, my name is Rebecca and I am a licensed mental health counselor with 20+ years of professional work experience. I have worked with clients coping with anxiety, substance use, relationship issues, family conflict, depressive symptoms, and mood disorders, to name a few. I believe in treating everyone with respect and compassion. We will develop your treatment goals together; I want to ensure that your unique needs are met. I know it takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling life and taking those first steps towards change can be isolating. I'm here to support and empower you in that journey.

Hello, my name is Felicia. I am a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) and Licensed Applied Behavior Analyst (LABA) based in Massachusetts. I hold a master’s degree in counseling psychology from Cambridge College and a doctorate in Education from Northeastern University. With over 15 years of experience in both clinical and educational settings, I am deeply committed to helping individuals navigate life’s challenges and transitions. I specialize in working with young adults, adults, and the elderly, providing support for a wide range of mental health concerns. My therapeutic approach is compassionate, collaborative, and tailored to each client’s unique experiences and goals, with a strong emphasis on promoting resilience, growth, and overall well-being.

Reaching out for support and guidance can be a big step, and I'm really glad to be part of your journey. I'm a dedicated psychotherapist with a focus on dual diagnosis, depression, anxiety, and other mental health concerns. I am deeply passionate about helping individuals from diverse backgrounds achieve their unique goals. As a bilingual (English/Spanish) Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Massachusetts, I've learned to use a variety of methods, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Motivational Interviewing (MI), and Mindfulness. My approach is all about focusing on your strengths, personalized therapy, and using strategies based on cognitive behavioral principles.

I am a 44 year old black male certified as an LICSW in Massachusetts. I grew up in Fall River, MA, served in the Air Force, and earned a Master's Degree from Boston University. I have experience working with people of all age ranges, with focuses on anxiety, depression, conflict resolution, existentialism, and trauma. I primarily utilize Cognitive Behavioral and Dialectical Behavioral as therapeutic approaches, along with supportive counseling and family approaches.