Therapists in Texas

I was inspired to become a therapist as a young child, with the value of wanting to help others. I realized I wanted to help people believe in themselves and to see their own possibilities. Validation is one of the most important tools I value as a therapist and as a person. I teach clients to self validate, to know what you experienced is true and real. I value the process of creating this safe space where one can see themselves just as they are. I ask for feedback to see if how I respond through validation fits for the client, if they felt heard and validated.

I am a Spanish-speaking, first-generation mental health therapist with extensive experience since 2017 in both inpatient and outpatient community mental health settings. I specialize in various therapeutic approaches, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Motivational Interviewing, Trauma-Focused Therapy, and Multicultural Therapy. I work with a diverse range of clients, helping them navigate mental health challenges, develop coping strategies, and improve their overall well-being. My culturally sensitive approach has significantly impacted my clients' lives, empowering them to achieve personal growth and resilience.

When we are no longer able to change a situation, we are challenged to change ourselves. - Viktor E. Frankl, Man's Search for Meaning. Hey there! It's truly wonderful to see you taking this brave step towards seeking support. I'm here to walk alongside you on your journey to better mental health and a more fulfilling life. This isn't just a job to me—it's my passion and purpose. Maybe you're feeling a bit lost right now, unsure of how to focus on what truly matters or struggling to find the motivation for positive change. You long for deeper connections with loved ones, moments of joy in the everyday, and the courage to face new challenges head-on. Believe me, I've been in your shoes more times than I can count. And that's why I'm here—to offer you unwavering support and guidance as you navigate towards a brighter tomorrow. My path to becoming a therapist was anything but straightforward; it felt like the universe kept nudging me back to this calling. It's the privilege of being there for people in their most vulnerable moments that truly fills my heart with purpose. I cherish every story shared with me, knowing that each one holds the power to transform lives. With experience spanning various settings—from hospitals to private practice to schools—I bring a diverse background to our sessions. Whether we're exploring Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), or diving into the depths of Internal Family Systems (IFS), rest assured, we'll find the approach that speaks to your unique journey. Let's embark on this adventure together—uncover your true potential and embrace all that life has to offer.

I've wanted to be a therapist since I was 9 years old. It's been a lifelong dream that I was able to achieve. My first experience with mental health is in a community mental health facility. I learned lots about major mental illness and skills training. I believe this time developed me into a therapist that "teaches" my client how to help themselves and how to relate to people on a personal level. My passions outside of work are DIY projects in my new home, crocheting, camping and my pug. I love reading romance novels. I am also a wife, mother and grandmother. I am a stepmother, bio-mother, mother of twins, mother of boys, mother of girls and have a variety of ages.

I am Sunny Alexander, and I’ve been in practice for ten years treating clients working in various job placements. I’ve treated clients working inpatient and outpatient at a hospital. I instructed Intro to Psychology at a community college and I’ve been in private practice for ten years. My unique counseling services create safe space for healing and self-optimization for individuals striving to find purpose and evolution of the self. Through healing and and self growth, my clients are able to let go of a ‘ceiling-paradigm’ to live more meaningful and enriched lifestyles. I help clients learn to cope in healthy ways with the symptoms that they experience and we work together to explore how to thrive versus survive.

Hello! I am Nargis Ali, a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Texas and a National Certified Counselor (NCC). I believe we all have unique strengths that can help us navigate life’s challenges. Seeking out support through counseling is one way to rediscover and to foster those strengths. I work with my clients to create an open and safe environment where thoughts and feelings can be shared without fear of judgement.

Hello there! I am a bilingual licensed professional counselor in Texas with over 12 years experience. I've worked with a variety of clients such as children, teens, college students, and adults. I like to focus on identifying your strengths and helping you to maximize them to overcome your obstacles. I'm here to help you sort through the things that are difficult right now, and offer you a safe place to be open and honest without fear of judgment.

I am a Christian Clinical, Forensic and Sports Neuropsychologist. Like many folks who get into the mental health field, I had certain mental health challenges. My family of origin was burdened with addiction and mental health. I currently have 38 years of sobriety and am intimately familiar with 12 Step, Christ-centered and Mindfulness aspects of recovery. I specialize in the treatment of Trauma and Addiction with family systems and attachment orientation. As a trained child psychologist I also place particular emphasis on developmental aspects of trauma. As a former Navy psychologist with many years working with veterans and first responders, I am very familiar with those cultures. I played college soccer, run 20 marathons, taught scuba as well as being an award winning underwater photographer and competed at the CrossFit World Games for 3 years. I am married, have a son (retired Navy) and a daughter in heaven.

Breathe Inhale…..exhale Has your cape become kryptonite to your self-care? Have you been overwhelmed by life challenges? Are you struggling with controlling your emotions? Are you mentally exhausted? Has self-doubt taken over your purpose? Are you struggling with putting healthy boundaries in place? If you answered yes to any of these questions, allow to me meet you where you are and help you grow to where you need to be. I provide a down-to-earth safe place where you can feel free to be yourself without judgment. Sometimes we just need to be heard, need professional guidance to address past trauma, or a positive place to progress into becoming the best you. Let’s refill, recharge, reset, and heal with Words Affirming Teaching and Encouraging Resorting I am trauma-informed with 20 years of educator experience. I utilize my personal and professional experiences and down-to-earth personality to empower and educate my community about mental health. I meet you where you are by utilizing an integrative approach.

I believe that every individual needs the opportunity to work through their thoughts and feelings in a safe, non-judgmental space. I strive to provide this opportunity for every client that I work with. I thoroughly enjoy working one-on-one with clients to help them achieve their goals. My primary goal is to empower the client to overcome their personal obstacles and thrive. Life happens! We are all humans and it is completely okay to "not be ok." Seeking therapy is a huge step that you should be proud of accomplishing! I am here to guide you and help you conquer your challenges and thrive!

Hello. First and foremost, I want to commend you on taking the first step towards self-care when it comes to mental health. There can be tons of emotions involved when starting therapy. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker serving the state of Texas and Michigan. I received my Masters from Michigan State University. I have over 10 years of experience and I enjoy helping those individuals who struggle with anxiety, stress, depression, and past traumas (to name a few) find some balance and provide some tools to find some balance in your life.

Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) licensed in Texas and Washington state. I received my Masters Degree in Clinical Social Work from the University of Texas at Austin. I have been practicing for 8 years. The modalities that I bring into session include interpersonal neurobiology, comprehensive resource method, mindfulness based modalities, internal family systems, cognitive behavioral techniques that are trauma informed, somatic experiencing and somatic informed therapeutic interventions. I'm trained in EMDR, Brainspotting, CRM, DBT, ACT and CBT.

I am a husband, father, Veteran, and therapist. I know and understand the complex challenges that people face with behavioral health issues. I have been practicing for over 20 years. I am compassionate, empathetic, and direct. My goal is to help clients face their issues at their own pace and learn how to move forward in life. Regardless of the issues you're seeking guidance we can work together to find effective solutions.

Hi I am Anita. Are you ready to talk with someone who can help you problem solve? I have 20+ years of experience and am skilled in helping people put the pieces of the puzzle together to gain more insight and recognize patterns that contribute to feeling stuck or helpless. Have you been feeling disconnected, or stressed, had trouble sleeping, or noticed difficulty keeping up with your routine? Whether these issues have started recently, or have plagued you for years, I am here to help. I will partner with you to help you identify strategies that are already working well for you, and I will help you find time to implement new techniques that will make life easier into your daily schedule. I can help you have a better understanding of where your struggles might originate and can help you build skills to overcome them.

Do you feel pulled in a million directions, unable to fit it all in? Are you struggling to keep up with your relationships, work and health? Is it hard to be kind to yourself? I help patients learn how to manage depression, anxiety, anger, and avoid burnout. I believe you can cope with anything life throws at you and not feel like your stressors are controlling you. I'm here to help you cope with overwhelming stress, relationship issues, or cycles of anxiety and depression. Seeking help can be scary but remember that asking for help is a sign of great strength. You deserve a safe, empathetic, and judgement-free environment to heal and grow. In our sessions together, I'll meet you with compassion and evidence-based techniques so you can overcome the hangups and habits holding you back. Let's work together!

Life can be overwhelming, especially when you’re carrying the weight of past trauma or trying to navigate intense emotions. If you’re feeling stuck, disconnected, or unsure of where to turn, I’m here to meet you exactly where you are. I work with individuals who want to process their experiences, heal from their past, and move forward with a sense of peace and empowerment. Together, we’ll create a space where your story can unfold, free of judgment or pressure.

My passion is to help men & women who are losing sleep and suffering in silence from anxiety, depression, grief, fear, and past traumatic events. There are things that we’ve pushed down, ignored, or dismissed for years that finally need to be dealt with and let go. You can finally get the break-through and break-free to become the person you’ve always known you could become.

I’m Becks, a Licensed Professional Counselor & NASM Certified Personal Trainer who specializes in behavior change & nutrition coaching. You might also call me a guiding light toward overall wellness or a catalyst for growth & healing. My great passion as a Health & Wellness Professional is to help you build a healthier relationship with food & your body, cultivate emotional agility to freely express yourself, & be able to communicate your needs/wants to others more effectively. While I’d love to help you improve your mental health through movement & balanced nutrition, I also understand that everyone’s starting point in therapy can look very different. It would be my pleasure in meeting you where you are in your journey to help build your toolbox of skills so that you can lead the life you deserve to live.

Do you feel you have a lot weighing on your mind but don’t know where to let it out? Do you often find yourself hesitant to talk through how you’re feeling? It takes courage to recognize the need to reach out to someone and even more so to act on it. As a licensed clinical social worker, I can provide a safe and non-judgmental space for you to be heard and allow you to put those thoughts into your own words. My approach is rooted in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and utilizing techniques to help you change the way you approach difficult situations. I also use a mindfulness-based approach to help you develop a skill set that will allow you to be in a better position to work through stressful times. In working together, we can use evidence-based practices to implement a variety of techniques that empower you to manage any challenges life may throw your way. +1 (786) 755-1863 reception+Reesha18472@growtherapy.com **I will not be able to evaluate for disability, custody or court-related documents.

Hi there — I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) based in Texas, with 8 years of experience supporting clients across the lifespan (ages 3 and up). My work centers on creating a healing, affirming space for women, queer folks, and anyone navigating the lasting impacts of trauma. My approach is trauma-informed, client-centered, and grounded in deep compassion. I primarily use EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing), DBT (Dialectical Behavior Therapy), and Brené Brown’s The Daring Way™ curriculum to support clients working through PTSD, complex trauma, anxiety, depression, and identity exploration, as well as issues related to gender, sexuality, and embodiment. Therapy with me is a collaborative process — you’re always in the driver’s seat. I honor each person’s unique story, strengths, and needs, and I tailor our work to reflect that. Whether you’re brand new to therapy or returning after some time away, I’d be honored to connect and support you on your path toward healing and wholeness. Reach out if you're curious. You are welcome here.

I’m Cynthia T Burns, Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I have over a decade of experience working with adults and children. I can offer helpful insights, suggest coping strategies, and provide emotional support for various challenges. I am trained in EMDR, CBT and motivational interviewing and use these modalities to help clients overcome mental health issues in order to have a better quality of life.

You wake up worried about the day ahead before you even get out of bed. At work, you're scared of making mistakes, it feels like everyone's waiting for you to mess up. When friends invite you out, you say “yes” but inside, you're nervous about going. At home, instead of relaxing, you keep thinking about awkward things you said or did, wondering what kind of impression you left on everyone. It feels like your brain won't turn off these thoughts that make you feel not good enough, and it's exhausting. These anxious thoughts are undercutting your confidence and affecting both your professional and personal relationships.

Hi my name is Heather Simmons I’m a LPC with 7 years of practice. I received my masters in 2017 from a university in Ms. I’ve worked with individuals from several different walks of life to help improve their mental well being and increase their quality of life. 90 percent of my services in which I provide are done via telehealth.

I have a PhD in Psychology and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who is licensed in the states of Texas and North Carolina. I have vast amount of experience in addressing Anxiety, PTSD and Depression. I have experience in addressing life experiences, anger management, and marital conflict. My military experience has allowed me to have various approaches to addressing client's needs.

Hi! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Texas. I have 16 years of experience working with children, teens, and adults. Most clients I work with seek therapy to work on anxiety, depression, stressors, and life transitions. I use a variety of therapeutic approaches including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Solution-Focused Brief Therapy. My goal is to help clients process difficulties, learn effective coping skills, and heal in order to improve their emotional health and well-being. ***I offer virtual sessions and in office sessions upon request.

I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with experience working with individuals across all stages of life, including children, adolescents, adults, and older adults. I specialize in helping others with anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem/self-confidence, imposter syndrome, career exploration, and relationship issues. Seeking help is a huge first step, and I do my absolute best to make the entire therapeutic process as smooth and easygoing as possible by embracing a positive, eclectic, and non-judgmental approach to therapy. I also understand that choosing a therapist can feel quite daunting and difficult, so I gladly provide a preliminary cost-free consultation, where we can discuss your concerns and explore our potential collaboration together. Please Note: I am currently not accepting Oscar insurance.

I am licensed in Texas with 8 years of professional work experience. I have experience working with military families and children going through reintegration processes, understanding new family dynamics, and how to support one another. I have experience working with children and youth who are facing social, academic, and identity concerns. I have experience working with foster and adopted youth who are working through traumatic experiences and are trying to navigate a new normal. I have experience in helping clients with relationship issues, family conflicts, parenting issues, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker based in Texas. I completed my undergraduate degree in Social Work at Texas Lutheran University in 2000, and then completed my master's degree in social work at The University of Texas at Austin in 2006. I am also a Registered Play Therapist. I enjoy working with clients of all ages, work towards setting goals and achieving them.

Welcome! Are you a high-functioning adult, particularly a parent, longing to reclaim the spontaneity of your early life? I specialize in empowering individuals from diverse backgrounds, including parents and young adults, to navigate the delicate balance of parenthood and personal growth. In our sessions, I employ a unique mixed therapeutic approach, blending cognitive-behavioral and person-centered therapy. Through meaningful conversations, we'll uncover the roots of your struggles. As a single black mom, I bring a profound understanding of life's complexities. Join me on a journey to rediscover joy and equilibrium, regardless of your background or experiences.

I’m Kathryn Chacra, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker-Supervisor with over 20 years of experience. I specialize in supporting adults and teens with ADHD and those navigating emotional eating. Many of my clients feel overwhelmed, misunderstood, or stuck in patterns that no longer serve them. I provide a compassionate, practical, and personalized approach to therapy, helping clients embrace their neurodiversity, heal their relationship with food, and create strategies that support long-term growth. My goal is to offer a safe, affirming space where you feel seen, supported, and empowered to move forward. I am wholeheartedly committed to aiding fellow Texans on their healing journey - be it from attachment issues or relationship challenges, managing grief and loss, setting goals or assisting their children with anxiety/depression or adjustment disorders.

Hello! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in the state of Texas. I received my Masters of Counseling Education from Sam Houston State University back in 2004 and was Licensed in 2006. I have a long history of working with clients that have experienced trauma, loss, and are adapting to change. I like helping people define and work towards being their best self despite life's challenges.

Hi. I'm Licensed Clinical Social Worker and have been providing psychotherapy services to diverse populations throughout my career. In my 40+ year career, I've served on, community organization and mental heath boards of directors, been program and clinical director of psychiatric residential centers, staff therapist and clinical directors of community mental health centers up to my retirement. Since retirement I maintain an online only therapy practice that specialized in helping younger and middle age adults, couples and parents facing a variety of challenges ranging from self esteem, significant life changes, addictive habits and behaviors, work and career, relationship struggles and other life circumstances causing emotional distress. I often use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a therapeutic approach to address , blocks and barriers standing in the way of fully expressing ones spiritual nature to help begin to restore balance between mind body and spirits and improve one's quality of relationships and life. (Visit my website to learn more. The link is below)

Hello! I am an LCSW [Licensed Clinical Social Worker] based in Tx. As a passionate counselor, I believe the beauty of life is that it gives an opportunity to review, reflect and reform our own stories so we can keep pushing through our adversities. No matter what age, race, creed or status, healing comes from the support of someone being able to help you take the very first step to recovery. My areas of competence include individual and group counseling with a special interest in youth and early adulthood.

I have over 18 years experience with a variety of age group, backgrounds, and culturally clients. I want to improve your quality of life. I have the privilege of working with a vast variety of people and enjoy the opportunity to improve their quality of life. I use an individualized approach with therapy. You will play an active role in your treatment.

Hello and welcome! Starting therapy can be scary and intimidating and so I'd like share a little bit about myself that way you have a chance to know more about me before your first session! I completed my Bachelor of Science degree from Monmouth College and my Master of Science degree in counseling from Western Illinois University. I'm a licensed clinical professional counselor in the state of Illinois and Texas. I have worked in the mental health field as a counselor since 2010. I was a therapist and crisis counselor for Bridgeway Community Mental Health starting in 2010 and then went on to become the Director of Crisis/Mental Health Juvenile Justice/and First Episode Psychosis Program. I then went on to work in private practice at Crossroads Counseling in Galesburg, IL. I have significant experience working with children and adolescents in the private sector as well as young adults. I enjoy working with clients who are healing from traumatic experiences. I have worked with survivors of trauma and abuse throughout my entire counseling career. I am EMDR trained and have a deep compassion for those dealing with the results of trauma and abuse. Additionally, I have worked with children and adults experiencing depression, mood disorders, anxiety, OCD and trauma using DBT and cognitive-behavioral therapy as treatment modalities. I live with my husband, Dustin, in Galesburg ,IL and have three active boys ages 16, 11, and 8. I enjoy reading, fishing, camping, being outdoors, and watching my children in various activities.

I am Ro'Linder Wright. I am an African American therapist known for my warm and empathetic approach to mental health care. With a deep understanding of cultural nuances and a commitment to fostering a safe, inclusive environment, I excel in building strong, trusting relationships with my clients. I combine evidence-based practices with a client-centered approach, empowering individuals to navigate life’s challenges and achieve personal growth. I am advocated to changing the scope of mental health.

Everyone is familiar with the term “If life gives you lemons make lemonade” That process can leave a person feeling unsettled, doubtful, or anxious. No matter what life brings us rest assured knowing that there is a place we’re the tools to handle those situation exists. This is why a therapeutic relationship is so valuable. Utilizing a person centered approach built around your unique needs and experiences we are able to gain new insight, enhance self-awareness, and cultivate self-compassion. This will help to discover and embrace the best version of yourself

Hello there! I'm Devin. I truly believe therapy shouldn't have to feel like a job interview. It's an opportunity to discover great qualities about yourself in the hopes that you can become more empowered and confident about your abilities than you did before. I strive to assist individuals that struggle with some of the most difficult challenges they face daily (i.e. depression, anxiety, history of trauma, & stress). We will be able to work collectively to identify skills and techniques that help manage some of the negative emotions that stem from burnout at school/work, relationship/friendship issues, and low self-esteem issues. At the end of the day, I like to provide you the power to dictate which way you want to go with your self-healing. You deserve to feel happy, and you deserve to be able to have control over your life. I would love to start working with you!

Hi! I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in Texas. I received my Masters from Midwestern State University in Texas and have been practicing for 10 years. I help adults struggling with feelings of anxiety, depression, and stress, and with navigating life transitions and changes, all with the goal of helping them to become the best versions of themselves. I strive to create a safe and welcoming environment that allows clients to explore obstacles with concerns related to anxiety, depression, stress, and/or self-care.

I am a fun loving and energetic woman who is happy with life's journey thus far.... I am eager to share my experiences and some of what I have learned through life as well as professionally with others to help them better their own journey and day to day routine and lifestyle . I try to meet people where they are and accept them as who they are- no judgement and with lots of validation and compassion.

Hi and welcome. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Texas. I earned my Masters in Education in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lamar University and have been in practice for about 6 years. I have worked in diverse settings with populations to include teens and adults. I prioritize the individual's needs, values, and goals. Utilizing evidence-based techniques and interventions tailored to each client's unique circumstances can help facilitate growth, healing, and positive change.

I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Supervisor with 10 years of clinical experience. I am licensed in the states of North Carolina and Texas. I have a Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a Bachelors in Psychology. I work with children, teens, and adults in individual therapy, helping them to navigate the unique and complex challenges of life. Some of the modalities that I employ in my work include cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, person-centered therapy, couples therapy, brainspotting, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), and trauma- focused CBT.

Alessa is a bilingual (English and Spanish) Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), licensed in Texas. Alessa has a wide range of experience in working with people of various backgrounds, ethnicities, and sexual orientations. Her special interests include but are not limited to working with individuals and couples who have experienced trauma, abuse, depression, anxiety, trust issues, abandonment issues, and attachment issues.

My dream clients are members of the BIPOC community is someone who is deeply committed to their personal growth and healing. This client recognizes the impact of systemic racism on their mental health and is ready to actively engage in therapy to address the unique challenges they face in the workplace. They are open to exploring the intersections of their racial identity, work environment, and emotional well-being, and are motivated to develop strategies for resilience, empowerment, and self-compassion.

Hi! I'm a Licensed Professional Counsellor (LPC) based in Texas. I received my Masters from Wayland Baptist University and have been practicing for 2 years. I help children (in person only), teens, and adults with a variety of issues. I specialize in helping bariatric patients before and after weight loss surgery. In my free time, you will find me crafting or playing video games while simultaneously listening to audiobooks or hanging out with my family.

Hello there! My name is Baisha Franklin and I have been working as a Licensed Professional Counselor for 10 years. I am a mother of 4 great sons, I place tremendous value on family and strong relationships. I am excited to serve clients who are looking to lead a life of balance, peace, and emotional stability. I believe in working towards goals for improvement that will result in fulfillment and structure in life. I am confident in my ability to help clients make changes that will improve the quality of their lives and ultimately supersede their greatest expectations.

Are you feeling overwhelmed by anxiety, stuck in the shadow of trauma, or struggling with life transitions and relationships? I offer compassionate, trauma-informed care for adolescents, young adults, and mothers navigating the emotional challenges of development, identity, and healing. My specialties include perinatal mental health, postpartum anxiety, birth trauma, PTSD, and the lingering effects of emotional abuse and coercive control. I use expressive arts, somatic practices, and nature-based interventions to help you reclaim clarity, self-trust, and resilience. With a background in developmental psychology and 14+ years of experience, I walk alongside you through growth, grief, and self-discovery — helping you reconnect with your inner strength and move toward a life of meaning and ease.

I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who uses a combination of traditional sensibilities with a modern-day understanding of how to reach the older and younger demographic. I aspire to utilize life experiences of an individual to help them and myself understand their present-day thought process and identify how their thoughts are impacting their emotions, which is possibly influencing their behavior. In some instances, it’s a behavior the individual wants to change.

Are you a parent feeling overwhelmed by your child’s behavior or unsure how to support them through emotional ups and downs? Are you a teen or young adult struggling with big feelings? Struggling with tics or other involuntary movements? Wishing relationships, boundaries, and social situations could feel easier or more natural? You’re not alone—and you don’t have to figure it out all by yourself. Whether you’re facing frequent conflicts, communication breakdowns, or feeling stuck in patterns that just aren’t working, we’ll work together to create more calm, confidence, and connection—at home, in school, and in everyday life. My work is especially focused on supporting neurodivergent youth and their families, including those with autism, ADHD, Tourette’s, genetic syndromes, or any developmental differences. This is an affirming space where all neurotypes are respected, and growth is always rooted in compassion and practicality.

Hi. I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Texas. I have been practicing therapy for over 8 years. I have worked in various settings as a therapist including school, hospital and private practice. Prior to becoming a therapist, I was an educator for twelve years. I practice Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, as well as Solution Focused Brief Treatment.